Carbohydrate status in dormant and afterripened excised wild oat embryos

Foley, Michael; Bancal, Marie-Odile; Nichols, Maxine B.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1992.850308.x

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Sugar extraction followed the protocol of Foley et al (1992), except that ice‐cold 80% (v/v) ethanol and alternative internal standards were used. At the time of assay, samples were retrieved from −80°C storage and pulverized in liquid nitrogen in a mortar and pestle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble sugar content of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds during and after germination

Downie

Bewley

2000

Physiologia Plantarum

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In white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench.] Voss.) seeds, the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) provide carbon reserves for the early stages of germination prior to radicle protrusion. Some seedlots contain seeds that are dormant, failing to complete germination under optimal conditions. Since dormancy may be imposed through a metabolic block in reserve mobilization, the goal of this project was to identify any impediment to RFO mobilization in dormant relative to nondormant seeds. Desiccated seeds contain primarily, and in order of abundance on a molar basis, sucrose and the first 3 members of the RFOs, raffinose, stachyose and verbascose. Upon radicle protrusion at 25°C, the contents of RFOs decreased to low amounts in all seed parts, regardless of prior dormancy status and sucrose was metabolized to glucose and fructose, which increased in seed parts. During moist chilling at 4°C, RFO content initially decreased before stabilizing and then increasing. In seeds that did not complete germination, the synthesis of RFOs at 4°C favored verbascose, so that at the end of 14 (nondormant) or 35 (dormant) weeks, verbascose contents in megagametophytes exceeded the amount initially present in the desiccated seed. This was also true in the embryos of the dormant seedlot. In seed parts from both seedlots after months of moist chilling, stachyose amounts exceeded raffinose amounts. Upon radicle protrusion at 4°C, RFO contents decreased to amounts most similar to those present in seeds that completed germination at 25°C. Hence, the RFOs are utilized as a source of energy, regardless of the temperature at which white spruce seeds complete germination. Based on the similarity of sugar contents in seed parts between dormant and nondormant seeds that did not complete germination, differences in sugar metabolism are probably not the basis of dormancy in white spruce seeds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble sugar content of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds during and after germination

Downie

Bewley

2000

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Soluble sugars are known to be able to overcome dormancy in seeds, e.g. in wild oat embryos (Foley et al. 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soluble sugars are known to be able to overcome dormancy in seeds, e.g. in wild oat embryos (Foley et al 1992). The promoting effect of the sugars on germination may derive from the action of sugars as antagonists to other substances present in the tissues, which inhibit germination processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐molecular weight carbohydrates modulate dormancy and are required for post‐germination growth in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza

Appenroth¹,

Palharini²,

Ziegler

2012

Plant Biology

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The aquatic duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza propagates itself vegetatively by forming turions - bud-like perennation organs - in the autumn, which spend the winter on the bottom of ponds and then germinate in the following spring and proliferate on the water surface. Newly formed turions usually require a period of cold after-ripening and light to germinate effectively, but an ample supply of exogenous sugar can lead to germination even in the dark and independent of after-ripening. The results of the present study indicate that the availability of readily metabolised carbohydrates is a determining factor for turion germination. Freshly harvested turions do not contain soluble, low-molecular weight carbohydrates at a level sufficient to allow germination to take place, but after-ripened turions do. Augmentation of the soluble carbohydrate content during after-ripening derives from gradual breakdown of reserve starch of the turions. The long time required for any germination to be observed in turions incubated in darkness and the limited frequency of germination in the dark (about 50% of turion population), even with an ample external sugar, supply emphasise that both after-ripening and light are essential for ensuring rapid germination and subsequent frond proliferation at an ecologically appropriate time. The carbohydrate supply required for rapid proliferation of the fronds produced at germination is provided by the rapid light-induced breakdown of turion reserve starch.

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“…Shoot tip of these plants ca 3 leaves from the apex were then harvested 3 times, just after the application of fertilizer (T0), eleven day after the application (T1) and 24 days after the application (T2). Sugar in this plant materials were extracted using modified methods by Foley et al 1992 and sugar content in the mL extract were analyzed spectrophotometrically using Nelson-Somogie methods. This experiment was repeated using different plants with application of fertilizer in higher doses; 18.5, 2.2 and 9.2 g/plant for Urea, TSP and KCl, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These plants were sprayed with the fertilizers every 1-2 days for 132 days before its leaves were harvested for examination of sugar content. Sugar from this plants were extracted using modified methods by Foley et al 1992 and sugar content was analysed using Anthron methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar Biosynthesis in Vanilla Plants and Phalaenopsis Seedlings After Application of Fertilizers

Adiputra

2018

JBIOUNUD

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In tropical country, vanilla encounters two main environmental conditions, wet and dry seasons. In the wet seasons when the amount of water available favours high growth rate, plants acquire more nutrients. However during dry seasons when water uptake via the root is limited and water loss from the shoot is increasing, vanilla will experience severe desiccations. In other cases, under condition of culture in bottle, phalaenopsis seedlings develop a very thin cuticle layers. These seedlings will experience a high rate of water loss when it is then transferred into ex vitro environmental conditions. Since mineral nutrient could decrease water potential in plants and enhanced by water loss, application of proper fertilizer into these vanilla plants and phalaenopsis seedling should not enhance the decreasing of water potential which could impair physiological mechanism. So, in order to ascertain nutrient requirement for these plants, two separate experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, vanilla plants grown in plantation were added 9.25, 1.1 and 4.6 g/plant Urea, TSP and KCL respectively. This experiment was repeated using different plants with application of fertilizer in higher doses; 18.5, 2.2 and 9.2 g/plant for Urea, TSPand KCl, respectively. In order to examine the capacity of these plants to synthesize sugar, samples were then harvested in the period after fertilizer application, i.e. at day 0, 11 and 24. In the second experiments, phalaenopsis seedlings were sprayed every 1-2 days with liquinox and rosasol-N fertilizer using factorial experimental design.. In order to examine the effect of the fertilizer on sugar biosynthesis, leaves of these plants were harvested at day 132. These experiments showed that addition of fertilizer into vanilla plants increased sugar content but addition of fertilizer into phalaenopsis seedling decreased sugar content. It is concluded that fertilizer applied into plants undergoing desiccation impair sugar biosynthesis.

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Carbohydrate status in dormant and afterripened excised wild oat embryos

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Soluble sugar content of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds during and after germination

Soluble sugar content of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds during and after germination

Low‐molecular weight carbohydrates modulate dormancy and are required for post‐germination growth in turions of Spirodela polyrhiza

Sugar Biosynthesis in Vanilla Plants and Phalaenopsis Seedlings After Application of Fertilizers

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