Carbohydrates and protein

Heard, C. R. C.

doi:10.1079/pns19640022

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…which is contrary to other evidence on the nature of sex X protein interactions derived from experiments in which cereal diets were fed to appetite (Bell 1965;Bayley and Summers 1968 ;-> the apparent anomaly regarding the response of the two sexes to increases in protein concentration was related to differences between the types of diet fed in this experiment and the all-meal diets fed in others. Thus, in view of the effects of energy intake and of energy source on protein metabolism (Heard 1964) and the different responses of gilts and castrates to changes in energy intake (Robinson, Morgan, and Lewis 1964), the comparatively high but variable lactose content of the diets in this experiment may have accounted for the form which the sex X protein interaction took, in contrast to results obtained with pigs fed lactose-free cereal diets. As already illustrated, lactose is a poorly utilised form of energy when consumed by the pig in large amounts.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Protein supplementation of rations based o whey for growing pigs

Carr

Dunkin

1969

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fifty-six individually penned Large White x Landrace pigs (28 females and 28 castrated males), growing from 50 to 120 lb live weight, were used to evaluate the response to variation (12 to 18%) in the protein content of meal mixtures fed at the constant rate of either 1 t or 2t lb/pig/day as supplements to lactic casein whey.On average, gilts grew significantly faster than castrates (p<0.05), utilised the whey consumed more efficiently (p<0.05), and produced leaner carcasses.Pigs fed the 2t lb daily meal allowance grew I 0% fa~ter than those fed only 1 t lb meal per day (p<0.OO5), but did not differ significantly in carcass characteristics.Increases in the protein content of meal supplements fed at the rate of 1 t lb/day had no significant effect on either rate of gain at any stage from 50 to 120 lb live weight, or on carcass quality, but resulted in a significant linear improvement in the efficiency of whey utilisation over the period of 50 to 85 lb live weight (p<0.05). At the 2t lb/day level of meal feeding, increases in meal protein content resulted in a linear improvement in both rate of gain (p

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Protein supplementation of rations based o whey for growing pigs

Carr

Dunkin

1969

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Factors affecting nitrogen balance in mammalian species are discussed by Miller and Payne (1963), Heard (1964), andMunro (1964). In summary Munro states " .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein supplementation of rations based on whey for growing pigs

Carr

Dunkin

1969

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experiment is described in which energy and nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen retention were determined when pigs weighing 25, 40, and 55 kg were fed diets comprising meal mixtures of varying protein content (12 to 18%) provided at the constant daily rate of either It or 2t lb/pig as supplements to lactic casein whey. A total of 14 castrated male pigs of Large White X Landrace origin were involved, 2 being allocated to each treatment.Differences between the apparent digestibility of energy of diets containing quite widely varying proportions of barley meal, buttermilk powder, and whey were in accordance with the respective total digestible nutrient contents of these three foods.Pigs fed 2t lb meal daily, compared with those receiving It lb, consumed slightly but significantly less apparent digestible nitrogen per 5 days (p < 0.10) and yet retained both a greater weight and percentage of nitrogen per 5 days (p < 0.10). The apparent digestible energy intakes of the two groups were almost identical.As the proportion of protein concentrate increased in the meal supplements fed at either the higher or lower rate, nitrogen retention (g/5 days and g/5 days/kg live weight) improved considerably, but differences between treatment means failed to reach significance (p > 0.10) .Apparent digestibility of energy increased linearly as the pigs aged (p < 0.005); nitrogen retention (g/5 days) was similar for pigs weighing 25, 40, or 55 kg, and consequently both the percentage of nitrogen retained and the weight retained/kg/5 days decreased linearly as the experiment progressed (p < 0.005).

show abstract

“…The linear increase in both nitrogen retention and the efficiency of nitrogen utilization with increasing energy concentration of the diet in midgestation is in agreement with the observations of Elliott & Topps (1964) on non-pregnant sheep. The extent to which this is an indirect effect of an increase in microbial protein synthesis (Hungate, 1966) or an improvement in the utilization of absorbed protein per se (Heard, 1964;Munro, 1964) is open to question. Estimates of the rate of change in rumen ammonia concentration during the period 3-5 h post-feeding were calculated from the data presented in Fig.…”

Section: Dietary Energy Concentration On Nitrogen Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter could be the in-to the rumen during pregnancy. While the latter direct result of an increase in rumen microbial may be of quantitative importance in improvprotein synthesis (Lewis, 1961;Hungate, 1966) ing protein utilization during late pregnancy, or the direct effect of energy source on the meta-its value is likely to be influenced not only by bolism of absorbed amino acids (Munro, 1964; dietary energy intake but also by dietary energy Heard, 1964).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary energy concentration on protein utilization during late pregnancy in ewes

Guada¹,

Robinson²,

Fraser³

1975

J. Agric. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From 62 days of gestation to parturition, 20 Finnish Landrace x Dorset Horn ewes were each offered one of four diets with roughage to concentrate ratios of 20:80; 40:60; 60:40 and 80:20, at daily metabolizable energy and digestible crude protein intakes of 490 k j and 3-55 g/kg W 0 ' 75 respectively. Plasma concentration of free fatty acids, glucose and urea were determined weekly, and nitrogen balance and digestibility trials were carried out at 70-80 and 130-140 days of gestation.On all treatments the concentration of plasma free fatty acids increased during pregnancy from approximately 200-600 /t-equiv./l and the concentration of glucose and urea decreased by approximately 25 %.Digestibility coefficients for dry matter and organic matter increased from 58 to 68 % and from 60 to 70 % respectively as the proportion of concentrates in the diet increased and were not affected by stage of gestation. The apparent digestibility of nitrogen was not affected by the energy concentration of the diet.Between mid and late gestation there was a mean increase in daily nitrogen retention of 2-5 g and an improvement in the efficiency of nitrogen utilization of 19 percentage units.Nitrogen retention and the efficiency with which the apparently digested nitrogen intake was retained increased as the dietary energy concentration was increased. The mean daily increases in nitrogen retention were 0-0135 and 0-0039 g for each percentage unit increase in the concentrate portion of the diet at mid and late gestation respectively. The corresponding values for the improvement in the efficiency of nitrogen utilization were 0-13 and 0-10%.Using nitrogen retention data as the criteria by which to assess the effect of diet on protein reThe tendency for a reduction in the voluntary quirement, Elliott & Topps (1964) reported a consumption of low-quality roughage diets in late significant improvement in nitrogen utilization in pregnancy (see review by Forbes, 1970) and the non-pregnant, non-lactating sheep, when available rapid increase in the requirements for glucose by energy intake was kept constant and dietary the developing foetus (Reid, 1963) form the scienti-energy concentration was increased. A positive fie basis for increasing the energy concentration effect on nitrogen retention of an increase in metaof the diets offered to ewes during late gestation, bolizable energy intake has also been obtainedThe beneficial effect of increasing the energy during late pregnancy in ewes (Robinson

show abstract

Carbohydrates and protein

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Protein supplementation of rations based o whey for growing pigs

Protein supplementation of rations based o whey for growing pigs

Protein supplementation of rations based on whey for growing pigs

The effect of dietary energy concentration on protein utilization during late pregnancy in ewes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About