Carbon and nitrogen dynamics along the decay continuum: Plant litter to soil organic matter

Melillo, Jerry M.; Aber, John D.; Linkins, Arthur E.; Ricca, Andrea; Fry, Brian; Nadelhoffer, Knute J.

doi:10.1007/bf02202587

Cited by 591 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This pattern is similar to the two-phase decomposition model reported by Melillo et al (1989) for red pine litter decomposition. The reason for the fast degradation during the early stage is generally attributed to the swift leaching of soluble components and the rapid decomposition of carbohydrates (Mesquita et al, 1998;Trofymow et al, 2002;Peng et al, 2014).…”

Section: Mass Loss Pattern and Organic Matter Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Tea polyphenols dominate the short-term tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf litter decomposition

Fan

Cuiping³

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Polyphenols are one of the most important secondary metabolites, and affect the decomposition of litter and soil organic matter. This study aims to monitor the mass loss rate of tea leaf litter and nutrient release pattern, and investigate the role of tea polyphenols played in this process. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and classical litter bag method were used to simulate the decomposition process of tea leaf litter and track the changes occurring in major polyphenols over eight months. The release patterns of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were also determined. The decomposition pattern of tea leaf litter could be described by a two-phase decomposition model, and the polyphenol/N ratio effectively regulated the degradation process. Most of the catechins decreased dramatically within two months; gallic acid (GA), catechin gallate (CG), and gallocatechin (GC) were faintly detected, while others were outside the detection limits by the end of the experiment. These results demonstrated that tea polyphenols transformed quickly and catechins had an effect on the individual conversion rate. The nutrient release pattern was different from other plants which might be due to the existence of tea polyphenols.

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Section: Mass Loss Pattern and Organic Matter Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Tea polyphenols dominate the short-term tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf litter decomposition

Fan

Cuiping³

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…Besides the example application above, SUPECA kinetics could be a powerful tool for trait-based modeling in various biogeochemical systems (e.g., Follows et al, 2007;Bouskill et al, 2012;Litchman and Klausmeier, 2008;Merico et al, 2009). As we show above and below, SUPECA kinetics will enable more robust predictions with better numerical consistency and smaller parametric sensitivities than the popular family of Monod kinetics, and SUPECA will be applicable for any biogeochemical system that involves substrate-consumer binding and binding competition (of the AB-E or A-E type).…”

Section: Example Application To Modeling Aerobic Heterotrophic Respirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ECA kinetics significantly improved the modeling of plant-microbial nutrient competition in the ACME land biogeochemical model (Zhu and Riley, 2015;Zhu et al, 2016aZhu et al, , b, 2017 and was recently cited as one of the most promising methods to improve representation of nutrient competition in ESMs (Achat et al, 2016;Niu et al, 2016). The ECA method also successfully explained why organomineral interactions can slow soil organic matter decomposition rates and how lignincellulose ratios (Melillo et al, 1989) can be stabilized during litter decomposition (Tang andRiley, 2013a, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

SUPECA kinetics for scaling redox reactions in networks of mixed substrates and consumers and an example application to aerobic soil respiration

Tang

Riley

2017

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. Several land biogeochemical models used for studying carbon-climate feedbacks have begun explicitly representing microbial dynamics. However, to our knowledge, there has been no theoretical work on how to achieve a consistent scaling of the complex biogeochemical reactions from microbial individuals to populations, communities, and interactions with plants and mineral soils. We focus here on developing a mathematical formulation of the substrate-consumer relationships for consumer-mediated redox reactions of the form A+B E → products, where products could be, e.g., microbial biomass or bioproducts. Under the quasi-steady-state approximation, these substrate-consumer relationships can be formulated as the computationally difficult full equilibrium chemistry problem or approximated analytically with the dual Monod (DM) or synthesizing unit (SU) kinetics. We find that DM kinetics is scaling inconsistently for reaction networks because (1) substrate limitations are not considered, (2) contradictory assumptions are made regarding the substrate processing rate when transitioning from single-to multi-substrate redox reactions, and (3) the product generation rate cannot be scaled from one to multiple substrates. In contrast, SU kinetics consistently scales the product generation rate from one to multiple substrates but predicts unrealistic results as consumer abundances reach large values with respect to their substrates. We attribute this deficit to SU's failure to incorporate substrate limitation in its derivation. To address these issues, we propose SUPECA (SU plus the equilibrium chemistry approximation -ECA) kinetics, which consistently imposes substrate and consumer mass balance constraints. We show that SUPECA kinetics satisfies the partition principle, i.e., scaling invariance across a network of an arbitrary number of reactions (e.g., as in Newton's law of motion and Dalton's law of partial pressures). We tested SUPECA kinetics with the equilibrium chemistry solution for some simple problems and found SU-PECA outperformed SU kinetics. As an example application, we show that a steady-state SUPECA-based approach predicted an aerobic soil respiration moisture response function that agreed well with laboratory observations. We conclude that, as an extension to SU and ECA kinetics, SUPECA provides a robust mathematical representation of complex soil substrate-consumer interactions and can be applied to improve Earth system model (ESM) land models.

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“…The moving ashes on the slope can clog soil pores and thus seal the soil surface leading to a decrease in water holding capacity and eventually increasing runoff and soil erosion (Renard et al, 1997;Do Socorro da Silva, 1997;DeBano, 2000;Certini, 2005). In the B-site the distribution of soil δ 13 Calong the slope was even because of the origin of the samples; the A horizon is thicker at the bottom of the B-site probably caused by erosion leading to a higher number of samples taken from this 12 C enriched horizon (Dzurec et al, 1985;Melillo et al, 1989;Garten et al, 2000;Boström et al, 2007;Du et al, 2014). …”

Section: Soil Inorganic Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Low Severity Fire on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Characteristics in Japanese Cedar Soil, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan

Seidel¹,

Guggenberger²,

Nobori³

2017

OJF

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Slash and burn practices are widely used around the globe with different degrees of success which are mostly related to the impact of fire on soil properties. In Japan slash and burn practises, known as Yakihata, have a long history and are still used in Yamagata Prefecture today. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a low severity controlled fire underneath Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) on brown forest soil (Cambisol). Japanese Cedar is the dominant species among plantations in Japan. We measured organic carbon and nitrogen content as well as changes in carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) stable isotope composition in a steep west facing slope under heavy precipitation (~2600 mm/a) and heavy snowfall (~3 to 4 m/a). The accumulation of C total and N total at the bottom of the slopes was remarkably higher at the slash and burned site than in the control forest site. After slash and burn δ 15 N isotopes in the slope in general became significantly lighter than in the control forest while the δ 13 C did not show any significant difference between the two sites except at the bottom of the slopes where δ 13 C was heavier in the forest. The results show that C total and N total values as well as the isotopes ratios of C and N change with decreasing elevation in the forest as well as in the burned site being consistent with leaching and erosion. The changes in soil nitrogen and carbon isotopes at the bottom of the slope appear to be related to the transport of material with different isotopic composition from the upper slope. The effect of the low severity fire (as part of the slash and burn practice) on soil organic carbon and nitrogen movement was enhanced by the steepness of the slopes and the high precipitation of Shonai region.

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Carbon and nitrogen dynamics along the decay continuum: Plant litter to soil organic matter

Cited by 591 publications

References 33 publications

Tea polyphenols dominate the short-term tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf litter decomposition

Tea polyphenols dominate the short-term tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf litter decomposition

SUPECA kinetics for scaling redox reactions in networks of mixed substrates and consumers and an example application to aerobic soil respiration

Impact of a Low Severity Fire on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Characteristics in Japanese Cedar Soil, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan

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