Carbon Anode in Carbon History

Abstract

This study examines how the several major industries, associated with a carbon artifact production, essentially belong to one, closely knit family. The common parents are the geological fossils called petroleum and coal. The study also reviews the major developments in carbon nanotechnology and electrocatalysis over the last 30 years or so. In this context, the development of various carbon materials with size, dopants, shape, and structure designed to achieve high catalytic electroactivity is reported, and among them recent carbon electrodes with many important features are presented together with their relevant applications in chemical technology, neurochemical monitoring, electrode kinetics, direct carbon fuel cells, lithium ion batteries, electrochemical capacitors, and supercapattery.

Molecular Catalysts for OER/ORR in Zn–Air Batteries

“…From the perspective of elemental composition, Fe and Ni have been paid much attention as the promising earth-abundant transition metals for the design of OER catalysts, especially Ni/Fe-based micro/nanostructures as a new generation of catalytical materials (such as metal hydroxide and mixed-metal oxides) which were developed over the last few years. They have attracted extensive attention because of their facile synthesis [36]. A gram of IrO 2 (99 wt %)) and RuO 2 (99.5 wt %) costs ca USD 43 and USD 95, respectively.…”

Valorization of Exhausted Olive Pomace for the Production of a Fuel for Direct Carbon Fuel Cell

“…The kinetics of these reactions can be catalyzed using several catalysts. Meanwhile, it has become a consensus that the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and transition metal are effective catalysts for carbon gasification [44][45][46], which are widely used in coal gasification research to obtain a competitive reaction rate at a lower temperature.…”