Carbon Bed Design Criteria Study at Nitro, W.Va.

Abstract

This article discusses a series of small‐scale experiments and a full‐scale test conducted to obtain granular carbon consumption data for removal of odorous and non‐odorous organic material from Kanawha River water at the Nitro, West Virginia, water plant. The treatment at this plant included double aeration, chlorination, conventional coagulation, and sand filtration followed by two full‐scale granular carbon beds (housed in rebuilt gravity sand filter structures). Criteria were developed for use in the design of a granular carbon system for Nitro.

Development of Optimization Models for Carbon Bed Design

“…All of the previous cost curves were based on the data obtained from the field study 1 The derivation of these curves was based on the assumption that this carbon exhaustion rate is constant throughout the year, but it is known that the carbon demand will be lower during the other three seasons. All of the previous cost curves were based on the data obtained from the field study 1 The derivation of these curves was based on the assumption that this carbon exhaustion rate is constant throughout the year, but it is known that the carbon demand will be lower during the other three seasons.…”

Studies of Modifications in Treatment of Lake Erie Water

“…Experimental studies [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] of standard water treatment processes and of many of the above modifications have been conducted during the past few years by the…”