Carbon black filled conducting polymers and polymer blends

Huang, Jan‐Chan

doi:10.1002/adv.10025

Cited by 763 publications

(574 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…This behaviour is mostly attributed to the significantly different solubility of each gas in isotactic polypropylene. The Henry's law coefficients for CO 2 , N 2 and O 2 in iPP at 25 o C are 42.2×10 -4 , 3.40×10 -4 and 6.60×10 -4 cm 3 (STP)/cm 3 (polym)cmHg, respectively [55]. Especially in the case of CO 2 , the diffusion is also influenced by the gas concentration in the polymer, since there is a plasticizing effect of the penetrant on diffusion.…”

Section: Gas Transmission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rubber products where other colours are desired, precipitated or fumed silica is used. Furthermore, carbon blacks enhance UV stability, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties or weather resistance of plastics [2]. The propensity to agglomeration of primary spherical particles of carbon black results in the appearance of a spatial network in the polymer, with aggregates behaving like fibrous fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties

Vassiliou¹,

Bikiaris²,

Chrissafis³

et al. 2008

Composites Science and Technology

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Stavrev, et al.. Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties. Composites Science and Technology, Elsevier, 2009, 68 (3-4) AbstractCarbon nanoparticles (CN), synthesized by a shock wave propagation method from the free carbon of the explosive, were dispersed in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) using a twin screw corotating extruder. These materials were analyzed for their tensile properties, crystallization morphology, thermal stability under N 2 , O 2 and air, as well as their permeability rates for N 2 , O 2 and CO 2 . Young's modulus was significantly enhanced, as was the tensile strength at the yield point, although at a smaller extent. However, the tensile strength and elongation at the break point slightly deteriorated with the increase of the filler's concentration. This behavior was attributed to the increase tendency of CN to form aggregates into iPP matrix by increasing its content. The size of aggregates, as was evaluated by extended micro-Raman mapping, is ranged from 1 up to 5 m. The nanoparticles caused a significant reduction of the iPP chain's mobility leading to smaller and less ordered crystallites, with the appearance of -phase crystallites at CN content 5 wt%. In inert atmosphere (N 2 ) the presence of the nanoparticles caused a shift of the starting decomposition temperature (T d ), from 368 up to 418.6 o C, while, under oxygen, thermal decomposition was more complex, displaying more than two stages. The T d was slightly lowered, up to a filler content of 2.5 wt%, with the nanoparticles exhibiting a catalytic role at the beginning of the polymer's decomposition. Under air, the degradation behavior was between ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 those exhibited in inert and O 2 atmospheres. Permeability rates for the gases measured were substantially lowered with increasing filler content.

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Section: Gas Transmission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties

Vassiliou¹,

Bikiaris²,

Chrissafis³

et al. 2008

Composites Science and Technology

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“…Such composites consist of a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix filled with dispersed fillers, such as metals [1,2], carbon [3,4] or intrinsically conductive polymers [5]. They possess both polymer (insulating) and metallic (conducting) properties, depending on the content of the conductive filler and the structure of the conductive phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 that the curves have an initial part where resistivity does not depend on thermal expansion up to the value of normalized log(DL/L 0 ) ¼ À0. 4, that corresponds to the value 0.4(DL/L 0 ) P for both of composites and to temperatures about 658C for PE and 1008C for POM. With further increase of temperature, the resistivity of the composites increases dramatically.…”

Section: Thermal Expansion Of the Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTC effect and structure of polymer composites based on polyethylene/polyoxymethylene blend filled with dispersed iron

Mamunya

Muzychenko

Lebedev

et al. 2006

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The temperature dependence of resistivity, structure, and thermal expansion of composites based on polyethylene/polyoxymethylene (PE/POM) blends filled with dispersed iron (Fe) have been studied. The dependence of conductivity on filler content shows percolation behavior, with the values of the percolation thresholds equal to 21 vol% for PE‐Fe, 24 vol% for POM‐Fe, and 9 vol% for the filled blend PE/POM‐Fe, with two‐step character of the conductivity curve. The evolution of structure of the composite PE/POM‐Fe demonstrates transition from polymer matrix POM‐Fe, with inclusions of PE through cocontinuous phases of both POM‐Fe and PE, to PE matrix, with inclusions of POM‐Fe. Such a structure occurs due to localization of the filler only in one of the polymer phases, namely in POM. Measurements of the coefficient of thermal expansion α show the presence of two values of α: higher value (equal to α of PE) and lower value (equal to α of POM‐Fe), the transition between them corresponding to the structure with cocontinuous phases. The PE/POM‐Fe composites demonstrate double‐positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect, with the presence of two transitions and a plateau between them. In such a system, two contributions to the PTC effect coexist: the first contribution originates from the thermal expansion of the nonconductive PE phase with higher value of the coefficient α, which leads to the break of the continuity of the conductive POM‐Fe phase; the second contribution originates from the break of the conductive structure of the filler inside the POM‐Fe phase because of the morphological changes in the vicinity of the melting temperature of POM. The double PTC effect is explained in terms of these two processes (thermal expansion and melting). POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:34–42, 2007. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…[1][2][3] A wellknown example is a resettable fuse that consists of a composite of conductive fillers, such as carbon black, embedded in an insulating polymer matrix, such as polyethylene. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] At room temperature the conductive particles form a percolating path and the resistance is low. [11][12][13] When the temperature increases, the large volume expansion of the semi-crystalline polymer close to its melting point breaks up the percolation path and the resistance dramatically increases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin film thermistor with positive temperature coefficient of resistance based on phase separated blends of ferroelectric and semiconducting polymers

Lenz

Dehsari

Asadi

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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Carbon black filled conducting polymers and polymer blends

Cited by 763 publications

References 70 publications

Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties

Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties

PTC effect and structure of polymer composites based on polyethylene/polyoxymethylene blend filled with dispersed iron

Thin film thermistor with positive temperature coefficient of resistance based on phase separated blends of ferroelectric and semiconducting polymers

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