Carbon black/polystyrene composites as candidates for gas sensing materials

Li, Jun Rong; Xu, Jia; Zhang, Ming Qiu; Rong, Min Zhi

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(03)00273-2

Cited by 130 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The final ionic liquid solution containing cellulose/graphite was spin-coated onto a homemade glass electrode (Li et al 2003a), then washed with [BMIm]Cl, ethanol and DI water in a sequence and dried in a vacuum for 12 h before use.…”

Section: Materials and Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous work, polystyrene/CB composites prepared by in-situ polymerization showed high sensitivity to some organic vapors with weak polarity, such as tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexane, chloroform, and acetone. However, polystyrene/CB composites showed almost no sensitivity to polar vapors; when exposed to vapors such as methanol and ethanol, their resistance remained unchanged (Li et al 2003a(Li et al ,b, 2005. This may be because the solubility parameters of weak-polarity vapors are similar to those of the polystyrene matrix, which induced a better compatibility between the substrate and vapors and was more conductive to producing an NVC effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conducting Graphite/Cellulose Composite Film as a Candidate for Chemical Vapor-Sensing Material

Liu

Qian

et al. 2014

BioResources

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A type of conductive graphite/cellulose composite film used for chemical vapor-sensing material was prepared at room temperature in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIm]Cl). Graphite was pretreated with both oxidation and reduction processes. Due to the use of N,N-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), as a covalent cross-linking agent in [BMIm]Cl, there were limited chemical bonds between the graphite and cellulose. The composite film was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XRD). When these conducting films were exposed to certain organic vapors, their electrical resistances quickly changed, showing gas sensitivity. The percolation threshold of the conducting film was about 5 wt%. The gas-sensing behavior of these films in solvent were the opposite of those gas-sensing materials based on a non-polar polymer matrix. A typical negative vapor coefficient (NVC) was observed when the film was placed in polar organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and acetone.

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Section: Materials and Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting Graphite/Cellulose Composite Film as a Candidate for Chemical Vapor-Sensing Material

Liu

Qian

et al. 2014

BioResources

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“…The nanocomposites prepared by aqueous solution polymerization show a typical percolation phenomenon in terms of electrical conductivity as a function of PANI content. It has been reported that the percolation phenomenon occurs in polymer-matrix-conducting composites [16][17][18][19][20], and the percolation theory is introduced in equation (1):…”

Section: Effect Of Evmt On Conductivity Of Pani/evmt Nanocompositementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and properties of polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite

Lin

Tang

et al. 2008

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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The synthesis characterization and conductivities of polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite are presented in this paper. The conductive emeraldine salt form of polyaniline is inserted into the interlayer of expanded vermiculite to produce the nanocomposite with high conductivity. The structures and properties are characterized by transmission electron microscopy x-ray diffraction spectroscopy fourier transform infrared spectroscopy thermogravimetry analysis and by the measurements of conductivity and stability. The results show that an intercalated nanocomposite with high conductivity and stability is obtained. The synthesis conditions are optimized to obtain the highest conductivity which is 6.80 S cm −1 .

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“…In general, some electrical conductive materials, such as carbon black and graphite, have been used as probes in polymer composites to measure the electrical resistance response of sensors to various solvent vapors [3,[7][8][9]13]. Different response mechanisms have been described for carbon black (or graphite)/polymer composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A STUDY on the sensitivity and selectivity properties of Polymer based gas-vapor sensors

Cankurtaran

Yazıcı

Karaman³

2016

J. Turk. Chem. Soc., Sect. A: Chem.

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Abstract:In this study, the water soluble poly (diphenylaminesulfonic acid) (PSDA) and the diblock copolymer of PSDA with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were used to construct the interdigitated film electrodes (IDEs). Their responses against humidity and various solvent vapors were investigated by impedance measurements. Sorption and desorption behaviors of the solvents were determined by simultaneous registration of the impedance (Z) and the resistive (R, resistance) and capacitive (X, reactance) components of the Z under different potential bias and alternating current (ac) frequencies. The sensor responses were discussed considering the polar/non-polar and polarizability properties of the polymers and solvents. The effect of ac frequency and potential bias on the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors were discussed. It was found that the solvent polarity is the primary effect on the electrical conductance and capacitance of both PSDA homopolymer and PSDA-b-PEG block copolymer. The results supported that the dipolarity-polarizability properties of solvents have also a critical role on sensor response at low ac frequencies. The more polarizable solvents gave higher sensor responses at lower ac frequencies. The equilibrium response of the PSDA based sensor was correlated with the dielectric constant of the solvents. The values of Z and R of PSDA film under saturated solvent vapors at 1 kHz ac frequency were linearly correlated (R 2 was 0.955, 0.993 and 0.957 for Z, R and X, respectively, in semi-logarithmic scale) with the values of the dielectric constants of the solvents, except water. A similar correlation (R 2 = 0.996) was obtained by using the R values of the PSDA film at 100 kHz ac frequency. In the case of PSDA-b-PEG polymer film, it was also possible to establish an almost linear correlation (R 2 =0.943) between the R at 100 kHz ac frequency and the values of the dielectric constants of the solvents, except acetone and water. Consequently, it was found that the applied ac frequency was distinctive on both the sensitivity and selectivity of the studied sensor.

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Carbon black/polystyrene composites as candidates for gas sensing materials

Cited by 130 publications

References 20 publications

Conducting Graphite/Cellulose Composite Film as a Candidate for Chemical Vapor-Sensing Material

Conducting Graphite/Cellulose Composite Film as a Candidate for Chemical Vapor-Sensing Material

Synthesis, characterization and properties of polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite

A STUDY on the sensitivity and selectivity properties of Polymer based gas-vapor sensors

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