Encapsulating photoluminescent lanthanide ions like erbium (Er) into fullerene cage affords photoluminescent endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs). Few reported photoluminescent Er‐EMFs are all based on encapsulation of multiple (two to three) metal atoms, whereas mono‐Er‐EMFs exemplified by Er@C82 are not photoluminescent due to its narrow optical bandgap. Herein, by entrapping Er‐cyanide cluster into various C82 cages to form novel Er‐monometallic cyanide clusterfullerenes (CYCFs) ErCN@C82 (C2(5), Cs(6) and C2v(9)), we investigate the photoluminescent properties of CYCF for the first time, and observe obvious near‐infrared (NIR) photoluminescence only for ErCN@C2(5)‐C82. Combined with a comparative photoluminescence study of three medium‐bandgap di‐Er‐EMFs, including Er2@Cs(6)‐C82, Er2O@Cs(6)‐C82, Er2C2@Cs(6)‐C82, we propose that the optical bandgap can be used as a simple criterion for switching the photoluminescence of Er‐EMFs, and the bandgap threshold is determined to be between 0.83 ∼ 0.74 eV. Furthermore, the photoluminescent patterns of these three di‐Er‐EMFs differ dramatically. We find that the location of the Er atom within the same Cs(6)‐C82 cage is almost fixed and independent on the endo‐unit, thus the previous statement on the key role of metal position in photoluminescence of di‐Er‐EMFs seems erroneous, and the geometric configuration of the endo‐unit especially the bridging mode of two Er ions is decisive instead.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved