Carbon Confined Mesoporous Catkin-like SnPS₃ Nanostructure for Lithium Storage with Great Superiority

Abstract

Metal phosphosulfides (MPSs) are members of a category of emerging energy storage and conversion materials, particularly having significant potentials in lithium storage due to their phosphorus and sulfur dual anion centers and unique two-dimensional channels. Nevertheless, it is still very challenging for the controllable design and synthesis of MPSs nanomaterials with complex-element components. Herein, a distinctive carbon confined mesoporous catkin-like SnPS3 nanostructure (SnPS3@C) is controllably synthesized and fabricated based on the partial volatilization of the reduced tin and the following bottom-up phosphosulfuration by a chemical vapor deposition method. As the anode material of lithium ion batteries, the catkin-like SnPS3@C offers multiple active centers for lithium insertion, complete carbon shell to protect inner active materials, interlaced fibrous networks for efficient electron transfer as well as abundant inner mesopores for Li+ diffusion and volume buffer, thus showing prominent structure advantages in lithium storage. The catkin-like SnPS3@C electrode demonstrated superior electrochemical capability with a very high reversible capacity (1302 mAh g–1 at 300 mA g–1), excellent rate property (630 mAh g–1 at 8000 mA g–1) and distinguished cycling stability (1030 mAh g–1 after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g–1). This work offers a new avenue to develop high-performance MPSs materials for advanced lithium ion batteries.

Research progress on direct borohydride fuel cells

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] In contrast, fuel cells are advantageous since they can instantly provide energy on demand and exhibit a long operating life, thus exhibiting an energy conversion efficiency of 50-70% in practical applications. 10 They combine the benefits of batteries [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and fuel engines, while eliminate significant disadvantages. These advantages lead to extensive research on the synthesis and development of fuel cells and their gradual industrial production.…”

Copper Phosphosulfide Nanosheets on Cu-Coated Graphene Fibers as Asymmetric Supercapacitor Electrodes

“…Besides, as novel energy storage and conversion materials, transition metal phosphosulfides show excellent energy storage performance, primarily attributed to phosphorus and sulfur bianionic centers, which are highly conducive to the rapid transmission and storage of the electrolyte ions. Due to this remarkable layered crystal with bianionic centers, metal phosphosulfides remarkably surpass the performance of individual sulfides and phosphates . However, the limited availability of such materials persists due to their synthesis challenges.…”

Flexible Co9S8–Carbon Nanofibers Architecture for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Study of the Nature of Lithium Storage

“…12 There are two alternative solutions, namely, nanostructure engineering and constructing a composite with conductive networks, that can effectively improve the charge transfer rate of a conversion-type anode. 13,14 The former is to increase the number of ion-accessible active sites and shorten the ion transfer distance by tailoring the particle size of the conversion-type anode to the nanoscale; the latter is to introduce a conductive network for the conversion-type anode to accelerate electron transfer. Electrospinning technology is an emerging and widely applicable method for the synthesis of flexible nanocomposite electrode materials.…”

“…The charge transfer rate is one of the most critical factors determining the conversion reaction kinetics of conversion-type anode . There are two alternative solutions, namely, nanostructure engineering and constructing a composite with conductive networks, that can effectively improve the charge transfer rate of a conversion-type anode. , The former is to increase the number of ion-accessible active sites and shorten the ion transfer distance by tailoring the particle size of the conversion-type anode to the nanoscale; the latter is to introduce a conductive network for the conversion-type anode to accelerate electron transfer. Electrospinning technology is an emerging and widely applicable method for the synthesis of flexible nanocomposite electrode materials. − Incorporating conversion-type anode into interconnected carbon nanofiber conductive networks based on electrospinning technology to construct conversion-type anode-carbon nanofiber nanocomposite is expected to combine the two above solutions.…”