Carbon dioxide and methane dynamics and annual carbon balance in tundra wetland in NE Europe, Russia

Heikkinen, Juha; Elsakov, Vladimir; Martikainen, Pertti J.

doi:10.1029/2002gb001930

Cited by 74 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Karlsson, personal communication, 2008). Other studies report DOC/DIC export rates between 5 and 15 gC m −2 at similar environments (Alm et al, 1997;Heikkinen et al, 2002a;Roulet et al, 2007). If we apply the annual terrestrial C export number of 9.5 gC m −2 as determined from Stordalen studies and the lake Abborrtjärn (J.…”

Section: Thawing Permafrost Resulting Vegetation Changes and Their Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At bogs and fens in Finland, winter CH 4 measurements revealed fluxes between 4 and 17 mgC m −2 d −1 (Alm et al, 1999). At a tundra wetland near Vorkuta, Russia, the winter fluxes of CH 4 were in the range 11 mgC m −2 d −1 to 48 mgC m −2 d −1 (Heikkinen et al, 2002a). Vaisjeäggi in Finland had lower CH 4 fluxes around 5 mgC m −2 d −1 (Nykänen et al, 2003) while the minerotrophic fen Siikaneva had winter fluxes reaching up to 24 mgC m −2 d −1 (Rinne et al, 2007).…”

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Of C Gas Flux Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a large variation between vegetation communities located nearby each other, and other studies reinforce the difficulties in projecting CO 2 fluxes in the winter by showing a wide range of average daily fluxes. At a tundra wetland near Vorkuta, Russia, the reported range in wintertime CO 2 flux was 14-27 mgC m −2 d −1 (Heikkinen et al, 2002a), at the boreal mire Degerö Stormyr in Northern Sweden the range was between 38 and 54 mgC m −2 d −1 (Sagerfors et al, 2008) and in Eastern Finland at several bog and fen sites, the efflux ranged from 167 to 478 mgC m −2 d −1 (Alm et al, 1997(Alm et al, , 1999. On the subarctic flark fen in Kaamanen, Northern Finland, the average wintertime CO 2 flux was presented as 130 mgC m −2 d −1 (Aurela et al, 2002) and at the boreal peatland Mer Bleu, Canada, the same number is around 390 mgC m −2 d −1 (Roulet et al, 2007).…”

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Of C Gas Flux Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual carbon gas budget for a subarctic peatland, Northern Sweden

et al. 2010

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Abstract.Temperatures in the Arctic regions are rising, thawing permafrost and exposing previously stable soil organic carbon (OC) to decomposition. This can result in northern latitude soils, which have accumulated large amounts of OC potentially shifting from atmospheric C sinks to C sources with positive feedback on climate warming. In this paper, we estimate the annual net C gas balance (NCB) of the subarctic mire Stordalen, based on automatic chamber measurements of CO 2 and total hydrocarbon (THC; CH 4 and NMVOCs) exchange. We studied the dominant vegetation communities with different moisture and permafrost characteristics; a dry Palsa underlain by permafrost, an intermediate thaw site with Sphagnum spp. and a wet site with Eriophorum spp. where the soil thaws completely. Whole year accumulated fluxes of CO 2 were estimated to 29.7, −35.3 and −34.9 gC m −2 respectively for the Palsa, Sphagnum and Eriophorum sites (positive flux indicates an addition of C to the atmospheric pool). The corresponding annual THC emissions were 0.5, 6.2 and 31.8 gC m −2 for the same sites. Therefore, the NCB for each of the sites was 30.2, −29.1 and −3.1 gC m −2 respectively for the Palsa, Sphagnum and Eriophorum site. On average, the whole mire was a CO 2 sink of 2.6 gC m −2 and a THC source of 6.4 gC m −2 over a year. Consequently, the mire was a net source of C to the atmosphere by 3.9 gC m −2 (based on area weighted estimates for each of the three plant communities). Early and late snow season efflux of CO 2 and THC emphasize the importance of winter measurements for complete annual C budgets. Decadal vegetation changes at Stordalen indicate that both the productivity and the THC emissions increased between 1970 and 2000. Considering the GWP 100 of CH 4 , the Correspondence to: K. Bäckstrand (kristina.backstrand@gmail.com) net radiative forcing on climate increased 21% over the same time. In conclusion, reduced C compounds in these environments have high importance for both the annual C balance and climate.

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Section: Thawing Permafrost Resulting Vegetation Changes and Their Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Of C Gas Flux Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Of C Gas Flux Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual carbon gas budget for a subarctic peatland, Northern Sweden

et al. 2010

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“…In recent years, most of EC studies of CO 2 exchange in wetlands have focused largely on peatlands and other temperate wetlands (e.g., Heikkinen et al 2002;Syed et al 2006;Bonneville et al 2008;Zhao et al 2010). There has been relatively few direct measurement of the CO 2 exchange between the atmosphere and coastal wetlands, regardless of their importance in balancing the global carbon budget and conserving biological diversity (Yan et al 2008;Zhou et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Controls on Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange Over a Reed (Phragmites australis) Wetland in the Yellow River Delta, China

Han

Yang

et al. 2012

Estuaries and Coasts

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Using the Eddy Covariance (EC) technique, we analyzed temporal variation in net ecosystem CO 2 exchange (NEE) and determined the effects of environmental factors on the balance between ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration in a reed (Phragmites australis) wetland in the Yellow River Delta, China. Our results indicated that diurnal and seasonal patterns of NEE and its components (ecosystem respiration (R eco ), gross primary production (GPP)) varied markedly among months for the growing season (May to October). The cumulative CO 2 emission was 1,657 g CO 2 m . The ratio of R eco to GPP in reed wetland was 0.68, which was close to other temperate wetlands. Soil temperature and soil moisture exerted the primary controls on R eco during the growing season. Daytime NEE values during the growing season were strongly correlated with photosynthetically active radiation. Aboveground biomass showed significant linear relationships with 24-h average NEE, daytime GPP, and R eco , respectively. Thus, we conclude that the coastal wetland acted as a carbon sink during the growing season despite the variations in environmental conditions, and long-term flux measurements over these ecosystems are undoubtedly necessary.

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“…Climate change processes also could stimulate or modify CO 2 and methane emissions from tundra ecosystems and underlying permafrost. These processes actively discussed in recent scientific literature (Heikkinen et al 2004;Merbold et al 2009;Hartley et al 2012;Wooller et al 2012 and many others), but results and conclusions are too diverse to be included for the assessment of ecosystem services.…”

Section: Environment-forming Es By Example Of Biogeochemical Regulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

The current state of knowledge of ecosystems and ecosystem services in Russia: A status report

Bukvareva

Grunewald

Бобылев

et al. 2015

Ambio

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This paper focusses on a conceptual overview of ways to address a comprehensive analysis of ecosystem services (ES) in a country as large and heterogeneous as Russia. As a first step, a methodology for assessing the services for the federal subjects of Russia was chosen, i.e., its constituent provinces and similar entities, in physical terms. Russia harbors a great diversity of natural conditions and ecosystems which are suppliers of ES, and likewise a variety of the socio-economic conditions that shape the demand for these services and their consumption. The methodological approach described permits several important tasks to be addressed: the evaluation of the degree of satisfaction of people's needs for ES, the identification of ecological donor and acceptor regions, and zoning of the country's territory for ES assessment. The next step is to prepare a prototype of a National Report on ES in Russia, for which we are presenting the planned structure.

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Carbon dioxide and methane dynamics and annual carbon balance in tundra wetland in NE Europe, Russia

Cited by 74 publications

References 52 publications

Annual carbon gas budget for a subarctic peatland, Northern Sweden

Annual carbon gas budget for a subarctic peatland, Northern Sweden

Environmental Controls on Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange Over a Reed (Phragmites australis) Wetland in the Yellow River Delta, China

The current state of knowledge of ecosystems and ecosystem services in Russia: A status report

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