Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index

García, Silvia; Bouzas, Cristina; Matéos, David; Pastor, Rafael; Álvarez, L. Pérez; Rubín, María; Martínez‐González, Miguel Ángel; Salas‐Salvadó, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Goday, Albert; Martínéz, J. Alfredo; Alonso‐Gómez, Ángel M.; Wärnberǵ, Julia; Vioque, Jesús; Romaguera, Dora; Estruch, Ramón; Tinahones, Francisco J.; Lapetra, José; Serra‐Majem, Lluís; Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José J.; Matía, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vázquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Bes–Rastrollo, Maira; Guillem-Sáiz, Patricia; Nishi, Stephanie K.; Cabanes, Robert; Abete, Itziar; Goicolea‐Güemez, Leire; Gómez‐Gracia, Enrique; Signes-Pastor, Antonio J.; Colom, Antoni; García‐Rios, Antonio; Castro‐Barquero, Sara; Fernández-García, José Carlos; Santos‐Lozano, José Manuel; Vázquez, Zenaida; Sorlí, José V.; Pascual, Marı́a; Castañer, Olga; Zulet, M. Ángeles; Vaquero-Luna, Jessica; Basterra-Gortari, F Javier; Babió, Nancy; Ciurana, Ramon; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Tur, Josep A.

doi:10.1186/s12940-022-00956-7

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…On the other hand, the data obtained describe a CF of food consumption twice as high as that reported in Brazil (4489 g CO 2 eq) [ 34 ], France (4170 g CO 2 eq) [ 35 ], and the United States of America (4720 g CO 2 eq) [ 36 ]. These results are different from the conclusion of García, S. et al, which showed that higher MD adherence is related to lower odds of dietary carbon dioxide emissions [ 37 ]. This discrepancy can be explained by the fact that global data were used, and some specific values from the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Mediterranean Food Pattern and Carbon Footprint of Food Intake by Employees of a University Setting in Portugal

Figueiredo,

Lima,

Rocha

2024

Nutrients

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Background: The Mediterranean diet is characterized by the predominance of the consumption of fruit, vegetables, cereals, nuts, and pulses; consumption of olive oil as the main source of fat; regular but moderate consumption of win; moderate consumption of fish, dairy products, eggs, and white meats; and low consumption of red meat as well as sugar and sugary products. In addition to the reported health benefits, the Mediterranean diet has also been widely recognized as a sustainable food pattern. The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet of employees of the University of Porto and the relationship with the carbon footprint of their food consumption. Methods: An observational, analytical study was carried out, through the analysis of food consumption data collected in the form of a survey in the previous 24 h inserted in the eAT24 software, as well as the analysis of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health data collected in the questionnaire. The carbon footprint was calculated from the previous 24 h surveys using data available on a website, obtained in carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of food. Sociodemographic, eating habit, and lifestyle questions were selected to understand the relationship between these and adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the carbon footprint of food consumption. Results: In total, 13.2% of the participants had a Mediterranean diet score equal to or greater than six, and the sample had an average food intake carbon footprint of 8146 ± 3081 CO2eq/Kg of food. A weak, statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.142, p = 0.006) was observed between Mediterranean diet adherence and the carbon footprint of food intake. Conclusions: Most of the participants had a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, as well as a high carbon footprint of food intake when compared to other countries. People with higher scores for Mediterranean diet adherence have, on average, a higher carbon footprint from food consumption intake.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Mediterranean Food Pattern and Carbon Footprint of Food Intake by Employees of a University Setting in Portugal

Figueiredo,

Lima,

Rocha

2024

Nutrients

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“…The environmental pressure of the food system would be attenuated by moving towards a more plant-based (PB) diet [ 37 , 38 ]. Demands of PB products increased over the last several years [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Beverage Consumption and Environmental Sustainability in an Adult Population with Metabolic Syndrome

García,

Monserrat-Mesquida,

Argelich

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Beverages are an important part of the diet, but their environmental impact has been scarcely assessed. The aim of this study was to assess how changes in beverage consumption over a one-year period can impact the environmental sustainability of the diet. This is a one-year longitudinal study of 55–75-year-old participants with metabolic syndrome (n = 1122) within the frame of the PREDIMED-Plus study. Food and beverage intake were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and a validated beverage-specific questionnaire. The Agribalyse® 3.0.1 database was used to calculate environmental impact parameters such as greenhouse gas emission, energy, water, and land use. A sustainability beverage score was created by considering the evaluated environmental markers. A higher beverage sustainability score was obtained when decreasing the consumption of bottled water, natural and packed fruit juice, milk, and drinkable dairy, soups and broths, sorbets and jellies, soft drinks, tea without sugar, beer (with and without alcohol), and wine, as well as when increasing the consumption of tap water and coffee with milk and without sugar. Beverage consumption should be considered when assessing the environmental impact of a diet. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 5 September 2013.

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“…Sex, educational level, and age can alter metabolic syndrome severity outcomes [ 11 ]. The second OR adjustment added the MedDiet variable because it was seen inversely related with metabolic syndrome severity [ 10 ] and inversely related to CO 2 emissions [ 53 ]. OR was calculated between each one of the items of the MetS, the MetS severity (low or high) and the quartiles of the amount of CO 2 emitted in kg.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome criteria and severity and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in an adult population

et al. 2023

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Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a growing risk factor of some non-communicable diseases. Increase of greenhouse gas emissions affects the planet. Aims To assess the association between MetS severity and amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted in an adult population. Design Cross-sectional study (n = 6646; 55-76-year-old-men; 60-75-year-old-women with MetS). Methods Dietary habits were assessed using a pre-validated semi quantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire. The amount of CO2 emitted due to the production of food consumed by person and day was calculated using a European database, and the severity of the MetS was calculated with the MetS Severity Score. Results Higher glycaemia levels were found in people with higher CO2 emissions. The risk of having high severe MetS was related to high CO2 emissions. Conclusions Low CO2 emissions diet would help to reduce MetS severity. Advantages for both health and the environment were found following a more sustainable diet. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870. Registered 05 September 2013.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Adherence to the Mediterranean Food Pattern and Carbon Footprint of Food Intake by Employees of a University Setting in Portugal

Adherence to the Mediterranean Food Pattern and Carbon Footprint of Food Intake by Employees of a University Setting in Portugal

Association between Beverage Consumption and Environmental Sustainability in an Adult Population with Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome criteria and severity and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in an adult population

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