Carbon dioxide exchange rates and leaf nitrogen contents during ageing of the flag and penultimate leaves of five spring-wheat cultivars

Hunt, L. A.; Poorten, G. van der

doi:10.1139/b85-223

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nitrogen supply can affect plant growth and productivity by altering both leaf area and photosynthetic capacity (Sinclair, 1990; Frederick & Camberato, 1995). Increasing nitrogen supply results in increased leaf nitrogen content (Frederick & Amberato, 1995), which is positively correlated with the light‐saturated rate of net photosynthesis (Hunt & Van Der Poorten, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling interactions between herbicide and nitrogen fertiliser in terms of weed response

Kim¹,

Marshall²,

Caseley³

et al. 2006

Weed Research

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The effects of nitrogen fertiliser on herbicide doseresponse of weeds were investigated by measuring weed biomass after growth at a range of nitrogen levels and treatment with a range of herbicide doses. Increasing weed biomass at no-herbicide treatment (W 0 ) and the response rate of the dose-response curve (B), with increasing nitrogen were successfully described by the linear model and the exponential model respectively. Conversely, decreasing ED 50 value with increasing nitrogen was well described by the logistic model. A combined model was then developed by incorporating these models into the standard dose-response model to describe the interactive effects of herbicide dose and nitrogen levels on biomass of Brassica napus, Matricaria perforata, Papaver rhoeas and Galium aparine. The model developed allowed the systematic description of increased herbicide performance with increasing nitrogen. The model was also used to predict weed biomass as affected by both herbicide doses and nitrogen levels. The mathematical relationships between herbicide dose-response and nitrogen levels may also be applied to the crop-weed competition model and then to decision making for optimum uses of nitrogen fertiliser and herbicide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling interactions between herbicide and nitrogen fertiliser in terms of weed response

Kim¹,

Marshall²,

Caseley³

et al. 2006

Weed Research

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show abstract

“…RuBPCO synthesis, rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decrease with leaf senescence (Imai et al 2008); low nitrogen and high nitrogen leaves at post anthesis stage and five days after late application of nitrogen had potential actively to synthesize RuBPCO with an increase in nitrogen flux (nitrate reductase activity) correlated well with increased contents of the enzyme protein and delayed senescence of flag leaf of high nitrogen contents in our study. Flag leaf CO 2 exchange rates during grain fill are usually positively correlated with nitrogen concentration (Hunt and Poorten 1985) except when drought-induced stomatal closure occurs (Rawson and Hackett 1974). Late application of nitrogen maintained total soluble proteins, increased protease activity at 10, 20 and 30 days after anthesis in both low and high nitrogen flag leaves of uniculm wheat.…”

Section: Nitrogen Application At Post Anthesis Stage and Yield Componmentioning

confidence: 98%

Yield Response of Uniculm Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Early and Late Application of Nitrogen: Flag Leaf Development and Senescence

Kumari¹

2011

JAS

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Nitrogen (N) supply increased flag leaf area by increasing cell number. N promoted initiation and development of floret primordia. N availability upto ear emergence affected fertile floret number more than spikelet number and increased the number of grains. Late application of nitrogen at 5 days after anthesis increased percentage nitrogen in grains, grain weight and grain number due to its effect on ability of floret to set grain. Larger number of florets and grains provided sink not only for carbon but also for nitrogen accumulation with high nitrogen availability. The accumulation of grain protein depended on the accumulation and partitioning of reduced N accumulated during the vegetative stage of growth and the relative contributions of nitrate assimilation and N redistribution during grain development in low as well as high nitrogen supply. Flag leaf of 'Gigas' wheat retained the ability to synthesize RuBPCO on induction of nitrate reductase by substrate supply at post anthesis stage. The reductions in proteolytic enzymes were coincident with loss of Chl, total soluble protein and nitrate reductase activity from the flag leaves.

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“…The absorption coefficient K varies with whole-plant N concentration (Nc) (Rickman eta!., 1975;Hunt and van der Poorten, 1985):…”

Section: Transpiration and Light Absorption In The Canopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A base N content (Nb) value of0.025 g N g-1 dry shoot weight is used for our local winter wheat cultivars (Rickman et al, 1975). The effect of this N-dependent function is to make light absorption by the canopy (and therefore daily photosynthesis) depend on plant N content (Hunt and van der Poorten, 1985).…”

Section: Transpiration and Light Absorption In The Canopymentioning

confidence: 99%

MODWht3: A Development‐Driven Wheat Growth Simulation

1996

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Crop growth simulations are needed to help organize our knowledge of plant response to the environment for the purpose of assisting growers in management decisions, predicting impacts of land use decisions, and predicting the consequences of probable climatic variation. This paper describes the derivation, combination, and (where necessary) calibration of the models required to produce a simulation of the seasonal development and growth of winter wheat. The simulation provides appearance time and size estimates for each aboveground plant part (leaves, stems, spikes, and kernels), length and mass of roots with depth, time of occurrence of phenological events (germination, emergence, tillering, single ridge, double ridge, jointing, boot, heading, anthesis, soft dough, mature, and harvest ripe), rate and amount of water evaporated and transpired, uptake of N from the soil profile, and estimates of daily net photosynthesis. Strengths of the simulation include that it predicts dates for all crop phenological stages, it estimates sizes for all plant parts on a daily basis for comparisons with almost any observed field data, it is organized according to the natural structure of the system being simulated, and it is designed to be changed. Weaknesses include current lack of ranges for parameter values for different cultivars, a simplistic soil water budget, and limitations in specifying nutrient distribution among plant organs. No weed, pathogen, or insect models are incorporated; however, the program that implements the simulation is specifically designed to be easily modified, so pest models could be added.

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Carbon dioxide exchange rates and leaf nitrogen contents during ageing of the flag and penultimate leaves of five spring-wheat cultivars

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Modelling interactions between herbicide and nitrogen fertiliser in terms of weed response

Modelling interactions between herbicide and nitrogen fertiliser in terms of weed response

Yield Response of Uniculm Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Early and Late Application of Nitrogen: Flag Leaf Development and Senescence

MODWht3: A Development‐Driven Wheat Growth Simulation

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