Carbon dioxide metabolism by Actinomyces viscosus: pathways for succinate and aspartate production

Brown, Anthony; Breeding, L C

doi:10.1128/iai.28.1.82-91.1980

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The high growth yields [6] reported for succinate-producing cells (Scheme 2; Ygl .... e = 65 g. mo1-1) strongly suggest that in A. viscosus the production of succinate [7] is coupled to electron transport phosphorylation [6]. The high growth yield (Yglu¢o~ = 87 g. mol-1) reported for aerobic batch cultures [5] suggests that electron transport phosphorylation might also occur under aerobic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oxygen on the growth and metabolism ofActinomyces viscosus

Jong

Hoeven

Kieboom

et al. 1988

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Actinomyces viscosus is a predominant microorganism in dental plaque. It is, just as the oral Streptococcus spp., a saccharolytic and aero‐tolerant organism. We have investigated the effects of oxygen on the growth and metabolism of A. viscosus. To this end A. viscosus Ut 2 was grown in a glucose limited chemostat culture on a chemically defined medium (D= 0.2 h−1) with exposure to variable amounts of oxygen. The Yglucose increased from 62.5 g · mol−1 under anaerobic conditions to 149 g · mol−1 under aerobic conditions, while, concomitantly, the carbon recovery from acidic fermentation products decreased from 75% to 7%. Addition of [14C]glucose to the chemostat showed that the glucose, which was not converted to acidic fermentation products, was instead converted to carbon dioxide or used for the production of biomass. Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions identical cytochrome spectra, containing only two cytochrome b‐type absorption bands, were found. It was concluded that electron transport phosphorylation probably occurs both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Anaerobically, fumarate served as the electron acceptor, while the high growth yields observed under aerobic conditions are likely to be explained by citric acid cycle activity coupled to electron transport phosphorylation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oxygen on the growth and metabolism ofActinomyces viscosus

Jong

Hoeven

Kieboom

et al. 1988

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…This bacterium has various metabolic properties that are different from those of oral streptococci, other dominant bacterial genera in dental plaque. Actinomyces has unique glycolytic-phosphorylating enzymes (14,27), and its sugar and sugar alcohol metabolism is regulated by environmental bicarbonate (3,4,6,14,26,28). Oxygen also affects the glucose metabolism of this bacterium.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acid‐induced acid tolerance and acidogenicity of non‐mutans streptococci

Takahashi

Yamada

1999

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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Acid tolerance and acidogenicity of non-mutans streptococci and their capacity of acid adaptation were studied. The cells of non-mutans streptococci (Streptococcus sanguis [Streptococcus sanguinis], Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus mitis) grown at pH 7.0 showed 0.0088% to 71% viability after acidification at pH 4.0 for 60 min, whereas the cells of mutans streptococci (Streptococcus mutans) were not killed by the acidification. Washed cells of non-mutans streptococci lowered pH to 4.04-4.33 in the presence of glucose, while mutans streptococci cells lowered pH to 3.70. When the growth pH was shifted to 5.5 for 30-90 min, the viability of non-mutans streptococci after the acidification at pH 4.0 for 60 min increased (0.25% to 91%) and the minimum pH values of the cells in the presence of glucose decreased (3.90 4.19). Along with the increase in acid tolerance and acidogenicity, non-mutans streptococci increased activities of H(+)-ATPase and arginine deiminase and amounts of stress proteins cross-reacting with 60 kDa and 70 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp60 and Hsp70). These results indicate that non-mutans streptococci were capable of increasing their acid tolerance and acidogenicity in response to environmental acidification. Furthermore, it is suggested that the acid adaptation observed in non-mutans streptococci cells could involve the induction of H(+)-ATPase, arginine deiminase and stress protein syntheses. The strains of non-mutans streptococci, which are pioneer bacteria for dental plaque formation and predominant in plaque microbial flora, may play a significant role in shifting the dental plaque environment toward acidic and consequently promoting the colonization of more acid-tolerant and acidogenic bacteria such as mutans streptococci and lactobacilli.

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“…This bacterium has various metabolic properties that are different from those of oral streptococci, other dominant bacterial genera in dental plaque. Actinomyces has unique glycolytic‐phosphorylating enzymes ( 14, 27), and its sugar and sugar alcohol metabolism is regulated by environmental bicarbonate ( 3, 4, 6, 14, 26, 28). Oxygen also affects the glucose metabolism of this bacterium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH on the glucose and lactate metabolisms by the washed cells of Actinomyces naeslundii under anaerobic and aerobic conditions

Takahashi

Yamada

1999

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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Effects of pH on the glucose and lactate metabolism by the washed cells of Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 under anaerobic and aerobic conditions were studied. The rate of acid production from glucose was the highest at pH 7.0 and decreased as the pH lowered to 4.5, irrespective of atmospheric conditions. The anaerobic end-product in the absence of bicarbonate was mainly lactate, while in the presence of bicarbonate the rate of acid production increased 1.8-2.5 times with the production of formate, acetate and succinate in addition to lactate. Under aerobic conditions, the cells produced acids from glucose along with oxygen consumption and the end-product was mainly acetate. In contrast to the glucose metabilism, the cells produced base from lactate along with oxygen consumption. The rates of base production and oxygen consumption were the highest at pH 5.5. The end-products from lactate were acetate and pyruvate. These results indicate that oral actinomyces has a various activity of glucose and lactate metabolism at a wide range of environmental pH and suggest its flexibility in surviving in dental plaque, where the environmental factors fluctuate.

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Carbon dioxide metabolism by Actinomyces viscosus: pathways for succinate and aspartate production

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of oxygen on the growth and metabolism ofActinomyces viscosus

Effects of oxygen on the growth and metabolism ofActinomyces viscosus

Acid‐induced acid tolerance and acidogenicity of non‐mutans streptococci

Effects of pH on the glucose and lactate metabolisms by the washed cells of Actinomyces naeslundii under anaerobic and aerobic conditions

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