Carbon dioxide milliwatt laser in the vasovasostomy of vas deferens in dogs: Part I

Abstract

This is the first arm of a two prong study conducted to learn two different aspects of vasovasostomy in dog vas deferens using the milliwatt carbon dioxide laser. The first study involved the evaluation of patency without collection of sperm. Six dogs were evaluated and all underwent vasectomy and subsequently had vasovasostomies performed between 4 and 12 weeks utilizing two approximating sutures and welding with the milliwatt carbon dioxide laser. Metal clips were used for both X-ray analysis and localization of the vasovasostomy site. In this investigation a vasogram was performed. Dogs were sacrificed at 4, 6, and 8 weeks postvasovasostomy. The vasovasostomy specimens were studied with electron microscopy and histological evaluation. The vasovasostomy was completed in under 120 minutes using this laser-assisted technique and was found to be a viable and promising technique for vasovasostomy.

Vasovasostomy in dogs using the carbon dioxide milliwatt laser: Part II

“…watt lasers melt and denature connective tissue with resultant fusion of collagen fibers [23]. With this technique we have continued to achieve exof Semen to our results.…”

Laser‐assisted vascular end to end anastomosis of elastin heterograft to carotid artery with an albumin stent: A preliminary in vivo study

“…These include low welding strength, poor reproducibility, and extensive tissue thermal damage. In addition, the difficulty of maintaining the precise circumferential apposition of an end to end tubular anastomosis during the laser tissue welding is a technical challenge [9]. Other challenges include limiting thrombogenicity, preventing heat-induced intimal hyperplasia and anastomotic aneurysm formation [10].…”

Vasal anastomoses in dogs using contact neodymium: Yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser

“…Unlike conventional microsurgical suture techniques, laser vasal anastomosis does not demand any special manual skill or training from the surgeon. The gain in time is the main advantage as compared with suture technique [3][4][5][6][7][8]10,11]. The most popular types of laser in vasal anastomosis are CO, or Nd:YAG laser.…”

“…Some investigators performed surgical excisions of the vas anastomosis site and examined them at 4-, 6-, and 8-week intervals following the vasal anastomosis for histologic confirmation for lumen patency, welding effect, and sperm granuloma formation. However, there are no significant histological differences between the specimen a t 4 weeks and at 8 weeks following the vasal anastomosis [ 4,7,121.…”