Carbon dioxide retrievals from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment solar occultation measurements

Rinsland, C. P.; Chiou, Linda; Boone, C. D.; Bernath, P. F.

doi:10.1029/2009jd012081

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For the fundamental band, fits to measurements reported by Lafferty et al (1996) were used, whereas for the rotational band, absorption coefficients have been taken from molecular simulations by Borysow and Frommhold (1986). These standard approximations have been used for example by Buehler et al (2006) to assess the accuracy of radiative transfer codes compared to measurements or by Rinsland et al (2010) for retrieving telluric CO 2 profiles based on satellite data.…”

Section: Atmospheric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

N2-associated surface warming on early Mars

Paris

Grenfell

Rauer

et al. 2013

Planetary and Space Science

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Early Mars may have had a warmer and denser atmosphere allowing for the presence of liquid water on the surface. However, climate model studies have not been able to reproduce these conditions even with a CO 2 atmosphere of several bars. Recent 3D simulations of the early Mars climate show that mean surface temperatures only slightly below 273 K could be reached locally.We want to investigate the effect of increased partial pressures of N 2 on early Mars' surface temperature by including pressure broadening of absorption lines and collision-induced N 2 -N 2 absorption.A 1D radiative-convective cloud-free atmospheric model was used to calculate temperature profiles and surface conditions. We performed a parameter study varying the N 2 partial pressures from 0 to 0.5 bar at CO 2 partial pressures between 0.02 bar and 3 bar. These values are consistent with existing estimates of the initial, pre-Noachian reservoir for both species. Solar insolation was set to be consistent with the late Noachian, i.e. around 3.8 billion years ago.Our 1D global mean simulations clearly show that enhanced N 2 content in the Martian atmosphere could have increased surface temperatures. An additional greenhouse warming of up to 13 K was found at a high N 2 partial pressure of 0.5 bar. Still, even at this N 2 partial pressure, global mean surface temperatures remained below 273 K, i.e. the freezing point of water. However, given the magnitude of the N 2 -induced surface warming and the results of recent 3D studies which show that local mean surface temperatures are not much lower than 273 K, our results imply that the presence of atmospheric N 2 could have led to almost continously habitable mean surface conditions in some regions. In addition, atmospheric water column amounts increased by up to a factor of 6 in response to the surface warming, indicating that precipitation might also increase upon increasing N 2 partial pressure.

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Section: Atmospheric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

N2-associated surface warming on early Mars

Paris

Grenfell

Rauer

et al. 2013

Planetary and Space Science

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“…This correction is applied to all occultations and is described in more detail in Foucher et al (2009). Using a method similar to that described in Foucher (2009), Rinsland et al (2010 find ACEretrieved CO 2 mean tropospheric concentration for the layer 7-10 km around 405-420 ppm, too high by about 30 ppm. This large bias is likely due to the use of an uncorrected N 2 continuum absorption.…”

Section: Ace-fts Pointing Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Foucher et al (2009) andFoucher (2009) have shown that the ACE-FTS instrument is able to provide CO 2 vertical profiles in the 5-25 km altitude range with an estimated CO 2 total error characterized by a bias of about ±1 ppm and a standard deviation of about 2 ppm after averaging over 20 spatially and temporally consistent retrieved profiles. Rinsland et al (2010), using ACE-FTS and a method similar to that of Foucher et al (2009), have retrieved average dry air CO 2 mole fractions in the layer 7-10 km but did not extend their study to the retrieval of profiles. Beagley et al (2010), again using ACE-FTS, have retrieved CO 2 profiles in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere where the problem of pointing knowledge uncertainties is not a concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide atmospheric vertical profiles retrieved from space observation using ACE-FTS solar occultation instrument

Foucher

Chédin²,

Armante

et al. 2011

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Major limitations of our present knowledge of the global distribution of CO 2 in the atmosphere are the uncertainty in atmospheric transport and the sparseness of in situ concentration measurements. Limb viewing spaceborne sounders such as the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) offer a vertical resolution of a few kilometres for profiles, which is much better than currently flying or planned nadir sounding instruments can achieve. After having demonstrated the feasibility of obtaining CO 2 vertical profiles in the 5-25 km altitude range with an accuracy of about 2 ppm in a previous study, we present here the results of five years of ACE-FTS observations in terms of monthly mean profiles of CO 2 averaged over 10 • latitude bands for northern mid-latitudes. These results are compared with in-situ aircraft measurements and with simulations from two different air transport models. Key features of the measured altitude distribution of CO 2 are shown to be accurately reproduced by the ACE-FTS retrievals: variation in altitude of the seasonal cycle amplitude and extrema, seasonal change of the vertical gradient, and mean growth rate. We show that small but significant differences from model simulations could result from an over estimation of the model circulation strength during the northern hemisphere spring. Coupled with column measurements from a nadir viewing instrument, it is expected that occultation measurements will bring useful constraints to the surface carbon flux determination.

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“…Retrieval of CO 2 and tangent height in this work builds on previous algorithm development by , Foucher (2009), Foucher et al (2009Foucher et al ( , 2011, and Rinsland et al (2010). As discussed by , below ∼ 43 km, tangent heights (THs) cannot be accurately determined from the geometric information (satellite position and instrument viewing angle) and thus atmospheric observables are exploited for this purpose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We begin the error budget description with a review of the available literature on error analysis for ACE-FTS CO 2 retrieval. Rinsland et al (2010) retrieved the partial column of CO 2 in the 7-10 km range and determined the error contribution due to several important sources such as measurement noise, temperature profile, nitrogen continuum absorption coefficients, CO 2 line intensities, aerosol absorption, CO 2 isotopologue correction, ACE-FTS ILS (instrument line shape) function, and TH shift. Foucher et al (2009Foucher et al ( , 2011 and Foucher (2009) also presented error budget information that considered measurement noise, parameter uncertainties (p and T profiles and tangent height errors), uncertainties in the VMRs of other species as well as model and spectroscopic error.…”

Section: Error Budget -Ace-ftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval of carbon dioxide vertical profiles from solar occultation observations and associated error budgets for ACE-FTS and CASS-FTS

Sioris¹,

Boone²,

Nassar³

et al. 2014

Preprint

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Abstract. An algorithm is developed to retrieve the vertical profile of carbon dioxide in the 5 to 25 km altitude range using mid-infrared solar occultation spectra from the main instrument of the ACE (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment) mission, namely the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). The main challenge is to find an atmospheric phenomenon which can be used for accurate tangent height determination in the lower atmosphere, where the tangent heights (THs) calculated from geometric and timing information is not of sufficient accuracy. Error budgets for the retrieval of CO2 from ACE-FTS and the FTS on a potential follow-on mission named CASS (Chemical and Aerosol Sounding Satellite) are calculated and contrasted. Retrieved THs are typically within 60 m of those retrieved using the ACE version 3.x software after revisiting the temperature dependence of the N2 CIA (Collision-Induced Absorption) laboratory measurements and accounting for sulfate aerosol extinction. After correcting for the known residual high bias of ACE version 3.x THs expected from CO2 spectroscopic/isotopic inconsistencies, the remaining bias for tangent heights determined with the N2 CIA is −20 m. CO2 in the 5–13 km range in the 2009–2011 time frame is validated against aircraft measurements from CARIBIC, CONTRAIL and HIPPO, yielding typical biases of −1.7 ppm in the 5–13 km range. The standard error of these biases in this vertical range is 0.4 ppm. The multi-year ACE-FTS dataset is valuable in determining the seasonal variation of the latitudinal gradient which arises from the strong seasonal cycle in the Northern Hemisphere troposphere. The annual growth of CO2 in this time frame is determined to be 2.5 ± 0.7 ppm yr−1, in agreement with the currently accepted global growth rate based on ground-based measurements.

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Carbon dioxide retrievals from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment solar occultation measurements

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

N2-associated surface warming on early Mars

N2-associated surface warming on early Mars

Carbon dioxide atmospheric vertical profiles retrieved from space observation using ACE-FTS solar occultation instrument

Retrieval of carbon dioxide vertical profiles from solar occultation observations and associated error budgets for ACE-FTS and CASS-FTS

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