Carbon electrode with cross-linked and charged chitosan binder for enhanced capacitive deionization performance

Efficient and Durable Sodium, Chloride‐doped Iron Oxide‐Hydroxide Nanohybrid‐Promoted Capacitive Deionization of Saline Water via Synergetic Pseudocapacitive Process

“…[3,[6][7][8] Considerable efforts have been devoted to updating cell configuration and optimizing and innovating electrode materials, indicating that the electrode materials play a crucial role in highly efficient CDI applications. These widely reported materials can be mainly divided into two types: 1) electrochemical double-layer capacitive materials including graphene, activated carbon (AC), and carbon nanotubes; [9][10][11][12] 2) pseudocapacitive materials including metal oxides, sulfides, and hydroxides. [6,[13][14][15][16] Two unresolved issues still remain in traditional porous carbon electrodes: the unsatisfied desalination capacity and feasibility limitation of the highly concentrated saline water.…”

Casein/starch composites: novel binders for green carbonaceous electrodes applied in the capacitive deionization of water

“…10 It is more stable against water, but it has the weakness of being insoluble in water. In a recent report, 12 chitosan was used as a binder with excellent results. The drawback lies in the use of the very toxic material glutaraldehyde (GA) for crosslinking chitosan particles.…”