Carbon-Encrusted SnS ₂ Decorated on MXene Nanosheets for Advanced Li-Ion Battery Anodes

Abstract

SnS 2 stands out as a promising lithium storage anode due to its high specific capacity, low voltage plateau, and cost-effectiveness. However, practical applications are hindered by significant limitations, including low electrical conductivity, volumetric expansion, and sulfur dissolution. In this study, carbon-encrusted SnS 2 nanoparticles are anchored onto few-layered MXene via a straightforward ultrasound-assisted ball milling method, yielding SnS 2 @C/MXene nanocomposites. Kinetic experiments demonstrate that this innovative ball milling approach facilitates the infiltration of SnS 2 @C into the distorted sites of MXene, effectively curbing interlayer stacking, expediting ion transfer, and bolstering the pseudocapacitance contribution of the anode. Concurrently, the few-layered MXene intertwines with SnS 2 @C, effectively mitigating the volume fluctuations of the active SnS 2 @C. As a lithium-ion battery (LiB) anode, SnS 2 @C/MXene exhibits a specific capacity of 867.1 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g −1 . Moreover, the SnS 2 @C/MXene anode demonstrates remarkable reversible specific capacities of 1,162.9, 1,001.0, 838.1, 724.8, 591.5, and 413.9 mAh g −1 under 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 A g −1 , respectively, surpassing those of recently reported SnS x -based LiB anodes. These findings underscore the significant potential of SnS 2 @C/MXene nanocomposites for high-performance LiBs.