Carbon fiber production costing: a modular approach

Ellringmann, Tim; Wilms, Christian; Warnecke, Moritz; Seide, Gunnar Henrik; Gries, Thomas

doi:10.1177/0040517514532161

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Polyacrylonitrile is today the most important raw material for the manufacturing of high‐performance carbon fibres. It is estimated that polyacrylonitrile will hold this position for the next years, which is confirmed by a current market share of nearly 90 % . The structural nature of polyacrylonitrile based precursor fibres and the process parameters for their thermo‐mechanical treatment for conversion into carbon fibres greatly affect the final quality of the resulting high‐performance fibre material.…”

Section: Process‐structure‐relations and Their Technical Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The orientation degree can be further improved by a stretching of the fibres which was determined as one aspect to reach improved mechanical properties . As a result, the interlayer spacing decreases while the crystal thickness and the longitudinal crystal size increase at low‐temperature carbonisation . For temperature carbonisation below 700 °C, a larger stretching can be applied compared to the strain applied to the stiffer carbon structure in the high‐temperature regime .…”

Section: Process‐structure‐relations and Their Technical Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of processing parameters on the properties of carbon fibres – an overview

Jäger

Cherif

Kirsten

et al. 2016

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Several studies have shown the importance of carbon fibres (CF) for different high technology markets. In recent years, different fibre types with improved properties have been developed for those markets. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymers are the basic raw material (precursor) for these fibres in the predominant case. Improvements of the mechanical fibre properties have mainly been achieved by defect reduction during the manufacturing process. Thus, commercial carbon fibres with tensile strengths up to approx. 7000 MPa are currently available. It can be shown that the strengths can be further increased (in the direction of graphene properties) when the relationship between process conditions and defects due to manufacturing of the fibres is better understood. In this context, novel processes like electron beam crosslinking or UV‐activation have proven to be very promising. The article gives an overview about the current situation in the field of carbon fibres development and particularly shows recent shortcomings with respect to novel applications.

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Section: Process‐structure‐relations and Their Technical Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Process‐structure‐relations and Their Technical Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of processing parameters on the properties of carbon fibres – an overview

Jäger

Cherif

Kirsten

et al. 2016

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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“…13 Among carbon fibers produced by different precursors, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers are the most widely used ones due to their excellent mechanical properties and cost effective quality. [14][15][16] PAN precursor fiber is mainly manufactured by two relatively mature processes: dry-jet wet spun and wet spun. During the manufacturing process, dry-jet wet-spun PAN fiber is spun out from the spinneret plate into a short distance of air gap before entering into the coagulation bath.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile and interfacial properties of dry-jet wet-spun and wet-spun polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers at cryogenic condition

Liu

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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For carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites applied in aerospace industry, the mechanical performance of carbon fiber in extreme temperature environment is of great importance. In this study, carbon fiber produced by dry-jet wet spinning and wet spinning approaches were cryogenically conditioned at different cooling rates. After cryogenically conditioned at sharp cooling rate, both fibers have around 10% decreases in tensile strength due to the huge hoop stress induced by the quenching process. However, after cryogenically conditioned at slow cooling rate, the interfacial shear strength between the two kinds of carbon fibers and epoxy resin was significantly enhanced. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and the Raman spectroscopy were conducted to detect the microstructures and surface morphologies of the cryogenically conditioned carbon fibers. This study provided fundamental data for the material design and application of the carbon fiber at extreme temperature environments such as aerospace or other industrial fields.

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“…Depending on the production conditions in different countries (e.g. price for raw material, energy costs) and the desired mechanical properties, the production of PAN-based CF causes costs between 10 and 20 €/kg [32,33], whereas high-modulus pitch-based CF, mostly used for aerospace application, cost about 70 €/kg [34]. In contrast, the manufacturing costs for reinforcement steel are currently about 0.84 €/kg [35].…”

Section: Tailored Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement Systems for Carbon Concrete Composites Based on Low-Cost Carbon Fibers

Böhm¹,

Thieme²,

Wohlfahrt³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Carbon concrete PAN/lignin-based CF composites are a new promising material class for the building industry. The replacement of the traditional heavy and corroding steel reinforcement by carbon fiber (CF) based reinforcements offers many significant advantages: a higher protection of environmental resources because of lower CO2 consumption during cement production, a longer lifecycle and thus muss less damage in structural components and a higher degree of design freedom because lightweight solutions can be realized. However, due to cost pressure in civil engineering, completely new process chains are required to manufacture CF based reinforcement structures for concrete. The article describes the necessary process steps in order to develop CF reinforcement: (1) the production of cost-effective CF using novel carbon fiber lines, (2) the fabrication of CF rebars with different geometry profiles. It was found that PAN/lignin-based CF is currently the most promising material in order to meet the future market demands. However, significant research needs to be undertaken in order to improve the properties of lignin-based and PAN/lignin-based CF, respectively. The CF can be manufactured to CF-based rebars using different manufacturing technologies which have been developed on prototype level in this study.

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Carbon fiber production costing: a modular approach

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Influence of processing parameters on the properties of carbon fibres – an overview

Influence of processing parameters on the properties of carbon fibres – an overview

Tensile and interfacial properties of dry-jet wet-spun and wet-spun polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers at cryogenic condition

Reinforcement Systems for Carbon Concrete Composites Based on Low-Cost Carbon Fibers

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