Carbon fibres with ordered graphitic-like aggregate structures from a regenerated cellulose fibre precursor

Abstract

The production and characterisation of low modulus carbon fibres is reported from a commercially available regenerated cellulose fibre (Cordenka TM). The fibres were heat treated before the graphitisation at a temperature of 200 °C. Fibres were further heat treated and graphitised at a temperature of 2000 °C. Polarised Raman spectra of carbonised/graphitised fibres were recorded. The ratio of two Raman peaks located at ~1350 cm-1 (D-band) and at ~1600 cm-1 (2D band)the ID/IG ratiowere used to follow the onset and development of the carbon/graphitic structure. It is shown that single carbon fibres processed at 2000 °C have a modulus of ~70 GPa and strain at break >2%. A Raman spectroscopic method that follows the shift in the position of the 2D band suggests a modulus of ~100 GPa. Transmission Electron Microscope imaging of the fibres reveals a sub-structure containing aggregates of oriented concentric turbostratic carbon domains, some of which are reminiscent of carbon nanotubes. These relatively high strength fibres (1.5 GPa) are suggested as possible alternatives to E-glass fibres in high volume applications. Furthermore, it is shown that these fibres can be converted in a woven precursor form to a carbon fibre fabric without the need to weave brittle filaments.

Photocatalytic Degradation and Hydrogen Production of TiO2/Carbon Fiber Composite Using Bast as a Carbon Fiber Source

“…Under the 300 W xenon lamp (with cutoff filter) irradiation, the hydrogen amount was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC 7900). , which are consistent with the Raman shift peaks of carbon [19]. This indicates that natural bast fiber has been transformed into inorganic carbon fiber after 300°C carbonization process in hydrogen ambience.…”

Quantification of the degree of mixing of cellulose nanocrystals in thermoplastics using Raman spectroscopy

“…Raman spectra of FR and SP CNCs exhibit two features characteristic for cellulose which are absent in HDPE (Fig. A), namely the band centred at ~1097 cm −1 corresponding to the C–O ring stretching modes and the β‐1,4 glycosidic linkage (C–O–C) stretching modes between the glucose rings of the cellulose chains . Additional verification of the presence of CNCs results from the bands found at 250–600 cm −1 assigned to skeletal‐bending modes involving the CCC, COC, OCC, and skeletal stretching modes of CC and CO …”

Carbon fibers prepared from ionic liquid-derived cellulose precursors

“…200 GPa) as well as compared to experimental rayon and lyocell based CFs prepared in a continuous process [46] (tenacity: ca. 0.8-1.0 GPa, Young's modulus: 80-100 GPa) or at high carbonization temperatures of up to 2500 • C [47,48] (tenacity: up to 1.5 GPa, Young's modulus: up to 140 GPa, predicted via Raman 2D band shift during mechanical deformation [47]. However, for the cellulose-based CFs described in literature [46][47][48], no carbonization aids were applied and thus, carbonization yields most probably ranged below 20%.…”