2023
DOI: 10.3390/en16247938
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Carbon Footprint and Energy Recovery Potential of Primary Wastewater Treatment in Decentralized Areas: A Critical Review on Septic and Imhoff Tanks

Riccardo Boiocchi,
Matia Mainardis,
Elena Cristina Rada
et al.

Abstract: The present work is a critical review on the carbon footprint and energy recovery potential of septic and Imhoff tanks for primary wastewater treatment. From an online search of research papers, a lack of up-to-date research about gas emissions from Imhoff tanks emerged. Additionally, available literature data should be extended to incorporate the effect of seasonal variations, which may be relevant due to the fact that both systems work under environmental conditions. The literature generally agrees on the po… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(1 citation statement)
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“…To transform sewage into an energy-producing plant, it is crucial to maximize the recovery of organic matter during the primary treatment stage 7 . Addressing the ine ciencies of the CAS system and effectively utilizing organic energy, the high-rate contact stabilization (HRCS) process has been developed as an innovative approach 8,9 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To transform sewage into an energy-producing plant, it is crucial to maximize the recovery of organic matter during the primary treatment stage 7 . Addressing the ine ciencies of the CAS system and effectively utilizing organic energy, the high-rate contact stabilization (HRCS) process has been developed as an innovative approach 8,9 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%