Carbon footprint mitigation on vacation: A norm activation model

Vaske, Jerry J.; Jacobs, Maarten H.; Espinosa, T.

doi:10.1016/j.jort.2015.05.002

Cited by 54 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The items to measure the perceived contribution of tourism to climate change are adapted from [15,56], which includes the responsibility of tourism development for climate change as well as the tourist's agency to act towards climate change. For the measurement of energy saving and carbon reduction behavior norm and intention in the tourism context, the items are adapted from the energy saving and carbon reduction behavior scale used by Horng, Hu, Teng, and Lin (2014), but are reworded with regard to norm and intention [15,50,56]. For instance, the item "tourists should reuse towels in hotel" is used to measure norm, whereas the item "I will reuse towels in hotel" is to measure personal intention.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Horng, Hu, Teng and Lin [15] examined the relation between tourists' perception of threats from tourism to environment and energy saving and carbon reduction behavior norm in the tourism context, yet a non-significant impact was found. Vaske et al [50] found a significant linkage between Dutch residents' environmental knowledge and their use of transport to reduce carbon footprint while on holiday.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon footprint mitigation on vacation: A norm activation model [50] General public in the Netherlands (N = 1144)…”

Section: Hypothesis 6 (H6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chinese Tourists’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Mitigation Behavior: An Application of Norm Activation Theory

Qiao

Gao

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:It is well recognized that tourism development is a prominent contributor to climate change, but is also a "victim" of climate change. Therefore, to mitigate climate change is of great importance for the sustainability of tourism. Yet extant studies regarding tourism and climate change tend to be dominated by a supply-side stance, albeit the core role of the tourist in the tourism industry. While researchers are increasingly adopting a tourist perspective, few seek to understand the linkage between climate change and tourists' specific mitigation behaviors in a tourism context; this is especially so in China. This study investigates the impact of Chinese tourists' perceptions of climate change on their mitigation behaviors based on norm activation theory. Drawing on 557 self-administrated questionnaires collected in China, it finds that tourists' perceptions of climate change and perceived contribution of tourism to climate change both positively affect energy saving and carbon reduction behavior in tourism. Yet, compared with perceived contribution of tourism to climate change, tourists' perceptions of climate change are found to be a much stronger predictor for energy saving and carbon reduction behavior. Therefore, it suggests that tourists' perceptions of climate change in a general context is more strongly related to climate change mitigation behavior in tourism, calling for attention to go beyond the tourism context to alleviate the negative impacts of tourism on climate change.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chinese Tourists’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Mitigation Behavior: An Application of Norm Activation Theory

Qiao

Gao

2017

Sustainability

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“…A number of researchers have found that environmental concern has a significant influence on travel mode decisions [54,55]. Numerous transportation factors influence environmental concern including apparent threats of environmental destruction to the society, individual, or the earth [56][57][58][59]; concerned responsibility or emotional state of guiltiness for the environmental problem; willingness in the reduction of car use for decreasing the environmental problem [60]; perceived benefits and barriers to sustainable travel behavior [61]. Therefore, based on the above literature, the proposed hypothesis can be as follows: Hypothesis 3.…”

Section: Environmental Concern and Acceptability To Sustainable Transmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Acceptability towards Sustainable Transportation Behavior: A Case Study of China

et al. 2018

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Nowadays, increased usage of motorized vehicles has become a cause of serious environmental and health problems which results in noise pollution, air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases. Sustainable transportation options such as green public buses, subways and public cycling have been introduced to improve environmental quality. However, their adoption is still in the initial stage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the consumer attitude towards sustainable transportation, and their willingness to choose different environmentally friendly options like cycling and public green transportation by applying a norm activation model (NAM). More specifically, this study explored the role of different predictors (sustainable transport benefits awareness, traffic problem awareness, government policies and symbolic motives of using a car) affecting citizen's acceptability to sustainable transportation options with mediating role of environmental concern and moderating role of self-transcendence and self-enhancement. A questionnaire-based survey conducted in four major metropolitan cities of China including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Xi'an found that acceptability towards sustainable transportation is derived from sustainable transport benefits awareness and traffic. Symbolic motives of the car have a negative association with acceptability towards sustainable transportation. The mediating effect of environmental concerns was proved, which extends the role of NAM in this study. Self-transcendence and self-enhancement have positive and negative moderating effects consecutively towards the acceptability of sustainable transportation. This study has potential implications for the government of China, transportation, and urban planning departments in order to take necessary measures to promote sustainable transportation behavior in Chinese citizens.

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“…The norm activation model (NAM), which was first proposed by Schwartz in 1977 [13] is considered one of the most commonly used models to predict pro-environmental behaviors. Many previous studies [14][15][16][17] have used the NAM as the fundamental theory to investigate pro-environmental behaviors in different contexts, such as public transportation [18], energy use [19], carbon footprint [20], and responsible technology acceptance [21]. The NAM primarily asserts that a person sacrifices their own self-interest for the collective benefits of others, and is rooted in altruistic behaviors [13,14].…”

Section: Norm Activation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Norm Activation Model to Predict the Pro-Environmental Behaviors of Public Servants at the Central and Local Governments in Taiwan

Fang

Chiang

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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An understanding of the environmental value-action gap between public servants at the central and local governments is essential for the effective implementation of environmental policies, which is limited in the extant literature. This study has adopted the norm activation model to explore the pro-environmental behaviors of public servants at the central and local governments in Taiwan. A total of 7567 valid questionnaires were collected, and significant differences were evident between public servants at the central (n = 3400) and local (n = 4167) governments in personal norms, awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, and pro-environmental behaviors. Findings revealed that personal norms were the key factors predicting pro-environmental behaviors of public servants at both the central and local governments. Results also indicated that the awareness of consequences by public servants at the central government had a direct effect on their pro-environmental behaviors, which in turn had a significant effect on their ascription of responsibility. In contrast, awareness of consequences by public servants at the local government had no significant direct effect on their pro-environmental behaviors and had only a weak positive effect on their ascription of responsibility.

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Carbon footprint mitigation on vacation: A norm activation model

Cited by 54 publications

References 59 publications

Chinese Tourists’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Mitigation Behavior: An Application of Norm Activation Theory

Chinese Tourists’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Mitigation Behavior: An Application of Norm Activation Theory

Understanding Acceptability towards Sustainable Transportation Behavior: A Case Study of China

Using the Norm Activation Model to Predict the Pro-Environmental Behaviors of Public Servants at the Central and Local Governments in Taiwan

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