Carbon formation on Ni–MgO catalyst during reaction of methane in the presence of CO2 and CO

Energy efficient methane tri-reforming for synthesis gas production over highly coke resistant nanocrystalline Ni–ZrO2 catalyst

“…The strong metal support interaction inhibits the sintering tendency of the Ni particles during the catalytic process [59,60]. The activity of the catalyst is directly related to the reducibility of the NiO species of the catalyst because methane can be activated over the Ni-oxide species but for the activation of CO 2 , metallic Ni is necessary [71]. The observed activity of the catalysts also reflected the same as the reducibility showed by H 2 -TPR.…”

“…Throughout the process higher methane conversion was due to the partial or complete oxidation of methane as steam and dry reforming of methane requires more energy. Increasing reaction temperature favored the endothermic CO 2 reforming and steam reforming reaction [71]. The H 2 /CO ratio decreased with increase in temperature as CO 2 conversion increased with increasing temperature, which produces H 2 /CO ratio to 1 by CO 2 reforming of methane.…”

A study on CO2 and CH4 conversion to synthesis gas and higher hydrocarbons by the combination of catalysts and dielectric-barrier discharges

“…A major drawback of the catalytic CO 2 reforming of CH 4 is the deactivation of catalysts due to carbon deposition on the surface of the catalyst at high reaction temperatures. The thermodynamic driving force to carbon formation is very strong and it has proven impossible to avoid carbon formation under low CO 2 /CH 4 ratios using nickel catalyst according to thermodynamic equilibrium and experimental results from various research groups [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effect of Gas Components in Natural Gas

“…Research on the natural gas conversion to useful chemicals and fuels using various catalysts has been extensively done [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However, these studies have still faced two main difficulties: (1) the conventional catalytic reactions of natural gas require high operating temperatures, due to the presence of methane, a major component of natural gas, which is a very stable molecule with a strong C-H bond, and (2) the formation of coke deposition on the surface of spent catalysts, causing their rapid deactivation.…”