Carbon Investment Required for the Mobilization of Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus Bound to Goethite by an Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (Solanum lycopersicum x Rhizophagus irregularis)

Andrino, Alberto; Boy, Jens; Mikutta, Robert; Sauheitl, Leopold; Guggenberger, Georg

doi:10.3389/fenvs.2019.00026

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…Thus, in our oneone system, the AMF seems to adjust its energy requirements precisely to the accessibility of the P sources. These results correspond to those already obtained in our previous study, where the less accessible P sources associated to iron oxides exhibited the highest metabolic activities (Andrino et al 2019). Hence, it can be inferred that treatments containing less accessible P sources exhibited higher C investments in autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolic processes during P incorporation in the AM plant.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We recently confirmed the ability of the cosmopolitan AMF R. irregularis DAOM 197198 to mobilize free PA and PA bound to the iron oxide goethite. Their mobilization proved to be the most expensive for the mycorrhized plant, in terms of C investment (Andrino et al 2019). On the one hand, AMF may exudate their own acid phosphomonoesterase, to mineralize organic P forms and access P sources that non-mycorrhizal plants are unable to mobilize (Sato et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, we aim at identifying some factors controlling the interrelation of the energy investment (C) by the model tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to mobilize the differently accessible P pools in the soil, by a cosmopolitan AMF such as R. irregularis. For that, we will employ the same dual-compartment system, where exclusively the AMF hyphae have access to the different P sources in a fungal compartment (FC) as in the experiment of Andrino et al (2019). In the present study, we will quantify the full C budget of the mycorrhizal symbiosis by measuring the respired CO 2 , total organic C accumulated, and fungal biomass at the FC, and assess the C-P stoichiometry to acquire P from primary minerals such as AP, as opposed to the mobilization of free orthophosphate (OP) and PA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon investment into mobilization of mineral and organic phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhiza

et al. 2020

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To overcome phosphorus (P) deficiency, about 80% of plant species establish symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which in return constitute a major sink of photosynthates. Information on whether plant carbon (C) allocation towards AMF increases with declining availability of the P source is limited. We offered orthophosphate (OP), apatite (AP), or phytic acid (PA) as the only P source available to arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) (Solanum lycopersicum x Rhizophagus irregularis) in a mesocosm experiment, where the fungi had exclusive access to each P source. After exposure, we determined P contents in the plant, related these to the overall C budget of the system, including the organic C (OC) contents, the respired CO2, the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) 16:1ω5c (extraradical mycelium), and the neutral fatty acid (NLFA) 16:1ω5c (energy storage) at the fungal compartment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plants incorporated P derived from the three P sources through the mycorrhizal pathway, but did this with differing C-P trading costs. The mobilization of PA and AP by the AM plant entailed larger mycelium infrastructure and significantly larger respiratory losses of CO2, in comparison with the utilization of the readily soluble OP. Our study thus suggests that AM plants invest larger C amounts into their fungal partners at lower P availability. This larger C flux to the AM fungi might also lead to larger soil organic C contents, in the course of forming larger AM biomass under P-limiting conditions.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon investment into mobilization of mineral and organic phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhiza

et al. 2020

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“…1, Table 1). The vegetation cover (<5 %) in Pan de Azúcar consists only of small shrubs, geophytes and annual plants (Armesto et al, 1993), which are mainly present in small ravines. The vegetation in Santa Gracia belongs to the "interior mediterranean desert scrub of Heliotropium stenophyllum and Flourensia thurifera" formation (Luebert and Pliscoff, 2006).…”

Section: Study Area and Previous Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do degree and rate of silicate weathering depend on plant productivity?

Oeser

Blanckenburg

2020

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Plants and their associated below-ground microbiota possess the tools for rock weathering. Yet the quantitative evaluation of the impact of these biogenic weathering drivers relative to abiogenic parameters, such as the supply of primary minerals, water, and acids, is an open question in Critical Zone research. Here we present a novel strategy to decipher the relative impact of these drivers. We quantified the degree and rate of weathering and compared these to nutrient uptake along the “EarthShape” transect in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. These sites define a major north–south gradient in precipitation and primary productivity but overlie granitoid rock throughout. We present a dataset of the chemistry of Critical Zone compartments (bedrock, regolith, soil, and vegetation) to quantify the relative loss of soluble elements (the “degree of weathering”) and the inventory of bioavailable elements. We use 87Sr∕86Sr isotope ratios to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. With rates from cosmogenic nuclides and biomass growth we determined fluxes (“weathering rates”), meaning the rate of loss of elements out of the ecosystems, averaged over weathering timescales (millennia), and quantified mineral nutrient recycling between the bulk weathering zone and the bulk vegetation cover. We found that neither the degree of weathering nor the weathering rates increase systematically with precipitation from north to south along the climate and vegetation gradient. Instead, the increase in biomass nutrient demand is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. In the absence of an increase in weathering rate despite a five-fold increase in precipitation and net primary productivity (NPP), we hypothesize that plant growth might in fact dampen weathering rates. Because plants are thought to be key players in the global silicate weathering–carbon feedback, this hypothesis merits further evaluation.

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“…Parameters of total microbial biomass in saprolite show no increase along the gradient: total gene copy have 540 similar ranges from Santa Gracia to Nahuelbuta, and DNA amounts even decrease slightly (Oeser et al, 2018). Common strategies of microbial symbionts by tree roots suggest that energy investment into nutrient recycling from leaf litter is more advantageous than dissolving primary mineral (Andrino et al, 2019). Thus, we would expect that mycorrhiza predominantly aids recycling in La Campana and Nahuelbuta.…”

Section: Is Weathering Modulated By Biota?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient

Oeser

Blanckenburg

2020

Preprint

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In addition to the supply of primary minerals and water flow the presence and growth rate of land plants are thought to drive rock weathering. While doubtlessly plants and their associated below-ground microbiota possess the tools for considerable weathering work, the quantitative evaluation of their impact relative to the common abiogenic weathering 10 processes remains poorly known. Here we report on a strategy to decipher the relative impact of these two drivers. We did so by quantifying weathering rates and nutrient uptake along the "EarthShape" transect in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera where landscapes are subjected to a substantial north to south gradient in precipitation and vegetation growth, whereas rock type is granitoid throughout and tectonic process rates do not differ much along the gradient. We quantified the bio-available fraction of nutritive elements in regolith and we measured 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotope ratios in the different compartments of the Earth's Critical 15 Zone (bedrock, regolith, bio-available fraction in saprolite and soil, and vegetation) to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. We thereby budgeted inventories, gains, and losses of nutritive elements in and out of these ecosystems, and quantified mineral nutrient recycling. We found that the weathering rates do not increase with precipitation from north to south along the climate gradient. Instead, the simultaneous increase in biomass growth rate is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. The absence of an increase in weathering rate in spite of a five-fold increase in precipitation leads us to hypothesize 20 that the presence of plants can negatively impact weathering through inducing secondary-mineral formation and by fostering a microbial community that is adapted for nutrient-recycling rather than nutrient-acquisition through weathering.

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Carbon Investment Required for the Mobilization of Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus Bound to Goethite by an Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (Solanum lycopersicum x Rhizophagus irregularis)

Cited by 25 publications

References 115 publications

Carbon investment into mobilization of mineral and organic phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhiza

Carbon investment into mobilization of mineral and organic phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhiza

Do degree and rate of silicate weathering depend on plant productivity?

Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation gradient

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