Carbon Materials as Supports for Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts

Maillard, Frédéric; Simonov, P.A.; Savinova, Elena R.

doi:10.1002/9780470403709.ch12

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 255 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although this process is kinetically slow, it is known to be responsible for deteriorating the electrocatalytic activity of carbon‐black‐supported platinum nanoparticles (Pt/C) 19. 23, 24 Furthermore, the presence of catalysts such as Pt is believed to increase the rate of carbon oxidation, and it was shown that for Pt/C system, carbon oxidation to CO 2 begins at 0.97 V (vs. RHE) as detected by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) 19. As a consequence of this corrosion phenomenon, Pt NPs detach from the electrode support and aggregate into a larger cluster size, which reduces the effective Pt electrochemical surface area (ESA), leading to a significant reduction of the electrochemical performance.…”

Section: Nanostructured Carbon‐based Support Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Substrates at Cathodes in Low‐temperature Fuel Cells

Habrioux

Alonso-Vante

2013

ChemElectroChem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

International audienceThe direct electrochemical conversion of chemical energy in low-temperature fuel cells is underpinned by the activity of the catalytic center. The latter, in nanodivided form (either precious or non-precious), is also influenced by the effect of the support, which serves as electron conductor. Herein, we discuss the relevant physicochemical driving force that leads to a "strong interaction" with substrates of carbon and oxide nature. Due to the interest in the activity and stability, special attention is given to the cathodic process, that is, to the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)

show abstract

Section: Nanostructured Carbon‐based Support Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Substrates at Cathodes in Low‐temperature Fuel Cells

Habrioux

Alonso-Vante

2013

ChemElectroChem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Contrary to graphitic supports, carbon blacks feature a turbostratic structure in which the graphene layers are stacked into crystallites that are themselves oriented in a disordered manner with respect to one another . For most HSAC supports, even for the more graphitic ones, the carbon crystallite size both in‐plane ( L a ) and perpendicular to the plane ( L c ) does not exceed 10 nm …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common C x O y H z surface groups present on HSAC supports include hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups. In addition of being essential to the dispersion and the distribution of the Pt‐based nanoparticles, these groups influence their long‐term stability. First, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy have provided evidences that metal nanoparticles and carbon supports share electron density via the oxygen atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Corrosion in Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Spectrometric Evidence for Pt‐Catalysed Decarboxylation at Anode‐Relevant Potentials

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The carbon oxidation reaction (COR) is a critical issue in proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as carbon in various forms is the most used electrocatalyst support material. The COR is thermodynamically possible above the C/CO2 standard potential, but its rate becomes significantly important only at high overpotential (e. g. PEMFC cathode potential). Herein, using on‐line differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, we show that oxygen‐containing carbon surface groups present on high‐surface aera carbon, Vulcan XC72 or reinforced graphite are oxidized at PEMFC anode‐relevant potential (E=0.1 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), but not at E=0.4 V vs. RHE. We rationalized our findings by considering a Pt‐catalysed decarboxylation mechanism in which Pt nanoparticles provide adsorbed hydrogen species to the oxygen‐containing carbon surface groups, eventually leading to evolution of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. These results shed fundamental light on an unexpected degradation mechanism and facilitate the understanding of the long‐term stability of PEMFC anode nanocatalysts.

show abstract

“…Carbon black is commonly used in CL as support for the Pt nanoparticles to obtain a maximum specific area and protect the catalyst nanoparticles from agglomeration . Porous carbon particles and their agglomerates also form the primary CL microstructure which ensures a good trade‐off between reactant transport, water retention and extraction . Reiser et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Degradation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Caused by an Accelerated Stress Test

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) experiences inevitably performance decay due to various mechanisms. Among those, carbon corrosion is extremely detrimental. In this study, an accelerated stress test (AST) is conducted to a single cell to mimic the conditions when carbon corrosion occurs. The cell performance is characterized intermittently, and the experiment results show although electrochemical active area (ECA) decreases continuously from beginning‐of‐life (BOL) due to carbon corrosion at catalyst layer (CL), kinetic degradation is not apparent until AST 3 h. After that, kinetic loss increases progressively, while ohmic loss increases continuously. However, due to decrease of water generation under voltage‐controlled condition, or enhancement of water removal by phase change induced flow (PCI) under current‐controlled condition, the mass transport is slightly improved at later period of AST. To confirm such variation of mass transport loss, cell performance and EIS are measured at reduced air relative humidity (RHc) and reduced air flow rate. Both cell performance and EIS results show that in a degraded fuel cell, reduced air RHc and higher air flow rate are beneficial to cell performance. Hence, more sophisticated water management strategies for PEMFCs is recommended for different periods in their lifetime for a fuel cell stack.

show abstract

Carbon Materials as Supports for Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts

Cited by 25 publications

References 255 publications

The Effect of Substrates at Cathodes in Low‐temperature Fuel Cells

The Effect of Substrates at Cathodes in Low‐temperature Fuel Cells

Carbon Corrosion in Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Spectrometric Evidence for Pt‐Catalysed Decarboxylation at Anode‐Relevant Potentials

Performance Degradation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Caused by an Accelerated Stress Test

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About