Electrocatalytic sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) is emerging
as
an effective strategy to combat the polysulfide shuttling effect,
which remains a critical factor impeding the practical application
of the Li–S battery. Single-atom catalyst (SAC), one of the
most studied catalytic materials, has shown considerable potential
in addressing the polysulfide shuttling effect in a Li–S battery.
However, the role played by transition metal vs coordination mode
in electrocatalytic SRR is trial-and-error, and the general understanding
that guides the synthesis of the specific SAC with desired property
remains elusive. Herein, we use first-principles calculations and
machine learning to screen a comprehensive data set of graphene-based
SACs with different transition metals, heteroatom doping, and coordination
modes. The results reveal that the type of transition metal plays
the decisive role in SAC for electrocatalytic SRR, rather than the
coordination mode. Specifically, the 3d transition metals exhibit
admirable electrocatalytic SRR activity for all of the coordination
modes. Compared with the reported N3C1 and N4 coordinated graphene-based SACs covering 3d, 4d, and 5d transition
metals, the proposed para-MnO2C2 and para-FeN2C2 possess significant advantages on the electrocatalytic
SRR, including a considerably low overpotential down to 1 mV and reduced
Li2S decomposition energy barrier, both suggesting an accelerated
conversion process among the polysulfides. This study may clarify
some understanding of the role played by transition metal vs coordination
mode for SAC materials with specific structure and desired catalytic
properties toward electrocatalytic SRR and beyond.