Carbon-Mercaptooctadecane/Carboxylated Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Based Genosensor for Detection of Bacterial Meningitis

Abstract

Human brain bacterial meningitis is a lifethreatening disease mainly caused by Neisseria meningitidis, lead to several complications including damage of brain or even death. The present available methods for diagnosis of meningitis have one or more limitations. A rmpM gene based genosensor was fabricated by immobilizing 5 0 -amino modified 19-mer single stranded DNA probe onto carbonmercaptooctadecane/carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite electrode and hybridized with 2.5-40 ng/6 lL of single stranded genomic DNA (ssG-DNA) of N. meningitidis from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the suspected meningitis patients. The electrochemical response was measured by using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using 1 mM methylene blue as redox indicator in 30 min (including a response time of 1 min) at 25°C. The sensitivity of the genosensor was 3.762 (lA/cm 2 )/ng and limit of detection was 2 ng of ssG-DNA of N. meningitidis with DPV. The genosensor has specificity only to N. meningitidis and does not hybridize with the genomic DNA of any other possible pathogen in human CSF. The immobilization of the probe and hybridization of the ssG-DNA were characterized by using electrochemical impedance in presence of 5 mM potassium ferricyanide and scanning electron microscopy. The genosensor loses only 12 % of its original DPV current on storage at 4°C for 6 months. Carbon composite based electrochemical array can be constructed to detect multiple bacterial meningitis suspected patient CSF samples during an outbreak of the disease.

Recent progress and challenges on the bioassay of pathogenic bacteria

“…Methylene blue was also employed as a redox label. Limit of detection and genosensor sensitivity was achieved 2 ng of ssG‐DNA of N. meningitides and 3.762 (lA/cm 2 )/ng, respectively 109 …”

“…This pathogen leads to severe syndromes of meningitis and septicemia 108 . Current accessible techniques for recognition of meningitis infections have some restrictions, therefore, we need more appropriate techniques to replace with old strategies 109 …”

“…For complete of discussion, Table 2 25‐206 summarized all of the discussed articles on the detection of bacterial. It is important to point out that, there is other reports in this research area …”

Progress in the Application of Nanoparticles and Graphene as Drug Carriers and on the Diagnosis of Brain Infections

“…A gene-based genosensor was described in another study from the Dash group by immobilizing a 5′-amino-modified 19-mer ssDNA probe on a composite electrode of carbon-mercaptooctadecane/carboxylated MWCNTs and hybridized with 2.5–40 ng/6 μL ssG-DNA of N. meningitis from Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients suspected of meningitis [ 106 ]. LOD and the sensitivity of the genosensor was 2 ng and 3.762 μA/ng of ssG-DNA for N. meningitidis with DPV.…”

Herpes Meningoencephalitis: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

“…Which can be further hybridized with the complementary analyte and detected electrochemically (Figure 3) [28,29]. Metallic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes can also be used to increase the surface of immobilization and sensitivity of the sensor for quick, sensitive, and speciic diagnosis of large number of HME suspected samples at a time [30,31]. …”