Carbon Monoxide and Physical Work Capacity

Ja, Visconti; Ma, Gleser; Rc, Wheeler; Bk, Whitten

doi:10.1080/00039896.1972.10666069

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Two hamster cell strains (embryo, tracheal) were planted at an initial density 1 X 105 cells per filter in 35-mm culture dishes, and samples were fixed, stained, and mounted on days 3 and 5 after planting. Good morphology was judged as a flat, even appearing cytoplasm as opposed to a rounded or spindly appearance (3)(4)(5)(6) cytoplasmic extensions from the main cell body extending at times into the pores of the filters). Cells on filters with pore sizes of 3.0 pm or greater developed a spindly appearance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel culture and exposure system for measurement of effects of airborne pollutants on mammalian cells

Samuelsen¹,

Rasmussen²,

Nair³

et al. 1978

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A novel method for exposing mammalian cells in vitro to air pollutants under conditions resembling those in vivo is described. Cells grown on membrane filters are nourished and protected from drying during exposure by perfusion of nutrient medium from the opposite surface of the filter. The cells are covered by a thin'layer of fluid comparable in thickness to the mucus layer overlying the respiratory epithelium. Exposure to NO2 at levels commonly measured in the ambient air of urban settings (0.1-0.2 ppm) produces a pronounced cytotoxic effect after less than 4 h of pollutant encounter. It is proposed that this cell exposure system will have utility in the study of effects of airborne pollutants on mammalian cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel culture and exposure system for measurement of effects of airborne pollutants on mammalian cells

Samuelsen¹,

Rasmussen²,

Nair³

et al. 1978

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…No adverse outcomes were reported. Despite a reduction in aerobic capacity ( V̇ O 2 peak), which decreased by 6–9% when [Hb CO ] was 4–7% (Ekblom and Huot, 1972; Horvath et al, 1975; Raven et al, 1974), and decreased by 15–24% when [Hb CO ] was 15–20% (Vogel and Gleser, 1972; Vogel et al, 1972), no adverse outcomes were reported, and [Hb CO ] returned to normal within 24 h.…”

Section: Evaluating the Risk Of Co And No Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include an increase in the fraction of oxygen extracted by the tissues, and increased blood flow, so that oxygen consumption is maintained (Vogel and Gleser, 1972). During moderate exercise, cardiac output increases (Pirnay et al, 1971; Vogel and Gleser, 1972; Vogel et al, 1972), while pH, arterial P CO 2 and P O 2 , the alveolar-to-arterial P O 2 difference and the respiratory exchange ratio are not affected, even when [Hb CO ] equals 18–20% (Brody and Coburn, 1970; Vogel and Gleser, 1972). Thus, appropriate compensatory mechanisms are in place when [Hb CO ] is increased, as high as up to levels of 20% [Hb CO ].…”

Section: Evaluating the Risk Of Co And No Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO and NO pulmonary diffusing capacity during pregnancy: Safety and diagnostic potential

Zavorsky

Blood

Power

et al. 2010

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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This paper reviews the scientific evidence for the safety of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) inhalation to measure pulmonary diffusing capacity (DLCO and DLNO) in pregnant women and their fetuses. In eight earlier studies, 650 pregnant women had DLCO measurements performed at various times during pregnancy, with a minimum of two to four tests per session. Both pregnant subjects that were healthy and those with medical complications were tested. No study reported adverse maternal, fetal, or neonatal outcomes from the CO inhalation in association with measuring DLCO. Eleven pregnant women, chiefly with pulmonary hypertension, and 1105 pre-term neonates, mostly with respiratory failure, were administered various dosages of NO (5–80 ppm for 4 weeks continuously in pregnant women, and 1–20 ppm for 15 min to 3 weeks for the neonates). NO treatment was found to be an effective therapy for pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension. In neonates with respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension, NO therapy improved oxygenation and survival and has been associated with only minor, transient adverse effects. In conclusion, maternal carboxyhemoglobin ([HbCO]) levels can safely increase to 5% per testing session when the dose-exposure limit is 0.3% CO inhalation for ≤3 min, and for NO, 80 ppm for ≤ 3 min. The risk of late fetal or neonatal death from increased HbCO from diffusion testing is considerably less than the risk of death from all causes reported by the Centers for Disease Control, and is therefore considered “minimal risk”.

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“…While goblet cells produce mucins that protect the respiratory epithelium, the ciliated cells are responsible for the transportation of mucus, microorganisms and foreign particles, and for respiratory fluid removal for optimal gas exchange [3]. (iii) AT2 cells represent progenitor cells, able to develop into AT1 cells [7][8][9] and (iv) exert certain immunological functions for instance by expressing Toll-like receptors [10,11], by releasing or responding to cytokines [12][13][14][15][16] or by producing complement components [17][18][19]. One of the main functions of secretory epithelial cells is to protect the bronchiolar (and tracheal) epithelium by releasing a small variety of prod-ucts, including Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) and components of the lung surfactant.…”

Section: Biology and Function Of The Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, basal cells [69,70], Clara cells [71,72] and type II alveolar epithelial cells [7,9,73] have been considered as stem or progenitor cells of the conducting and respiratory compartments of the lung. The existence of region-specific stem or progenitor cells along the murine epithelial pulmonary tree has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Identification and Characterization Of Endogenous Respiratormentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for studying stem cells: Adult stem cells for lung repair

Martin

2008

Methods

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Recent progress in lung biology includes the description of a series of pulmonary stem and progenitor cells involved in homeostasis and regeneration of the respiratory system. Moreover, the contribution of extrapulmonary stem cells to healthy and pathological lung tissue has been observed and the developmental biology of such processes should provide important hints for understanding maintenance and repair of adult lung structure and function. Despite such remarkable advances, the phenotypic and especially the functional characterization of these stem and progenitor cells, and their derivatives, along with an understanding of the molecular cues and pathways underlying differentiation into specific respiratory lineages is still in its infancy. Accordingly, the role of endogenous and extrapulmonary stem cells in normal tissue repair and pathogenesis is still largely mysterious and added basic knowledge is required in order to explore their potential for novel regenerative therapies. This review provides an overview of the current state of the art in adult lung stem cell biology including technical aspects of isolation, characterization and differentiation, and a discussion of perspectives for future regenerative therapies.

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Carbon Monoxide and Physical Work Capacity

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Novel culture and exposure system for measurement of effects of airborne pollutants on mammalian cells

Novel culture and exposure system for measurement of effects of airborne pollutants on mammalian cells

CO and NO pulmonary diffusing capacity during pregnancy: Safety and diagnostic potential

Methods for studying stem cells: Adult stem cells for lung repair

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