Carbon Monoxide as Indoor Pollutant in Kano Metropolis

Ayodele, J. T.; Adekiya, Aruna Olasekan; Yakubu, I.A.

doi:10.4314/jasem.v11i3.55072

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Ambient levels in Ibadan city alone were between 3 and 55 ppm (Sunny et al, 2008). The average indoor CO values measured in Kano were between 4.93 µ/m 3 in the municipality and 5.49 µ/m 3 in Sabon Gari area of the state (Ayodele et al, 2007). The above values are by far beyond the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (U.S. NAAQS, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Significant sources of air pollution in urban areas of developing countries like Nigeria may include but are not limited to emissions from motor vehicles (Mayer, 1999) and generator exhaust (Stanley et al, 2010). Carbon monoxide is a major air pollutant both indoors (Ayodele, 2007) and outdoors (Ajayi and Dosunmo, 2002) because of increased use of biofuel as a major source of energy for cooking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Inhalation of Generator Exhaust-Fumes May Impair Learning and Memory in Mice

Kurawa¹

2022

dujopas

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The study assessed the effects of acute inhalation of generator exhaust fumes on the anxiety-associated learning and memory (L&M), and motor coordination in mice. Twenty-four mice were divided into 4 groups. First and second groups were tested for motor coordination (beam walk) and L&M (Elevated Plus Maze, EPM) respectively. Mice in the experimental groups were exposed to the generator fume for 30min., 1hr., and 2hrs respectively before the tests. In Day 1, experimental animals showed significant decrease in the mean TL (13.4 ± 1.5sec.) and an increase (73 ± 8.4sec.) at 30min. and 1hr respectively, when compared to their controls (28.6 ± 5.2sec.) and (21.8 ± 4.4sec.). In day 2, there were significant increase in the mean TLs during the 30min. (48.4 ± 12.8sec.) and 2hrs exposures (66.8 ± 15.3 sec.), when compared to their controls (13.6 ± 1.9sec.) and (22.6 ± 6.6sec.) respectively. The result suggests decreased ability of the exposed mice to learn and recall the new behaviour. There was significant increase in the mean %COHb level of the experimental group (2.06 ± 0.012%) when compared to the control (0.76 ± 0.089%). Exposure to CO from the generator exhaust fumes impaired learning and memory in mice. Keywords: Carbon monoxide, Learning and Memory, Motor coordination, Elevated Plus Maze, Beam walk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Inhalation of Generator Exhaust-Fumes May Impair Learning and Memory in Mice

Kurawa¹

2022

dujopas

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“…The values of the carbon monoxide concentration measured by scientists [35] in classrooms ranged from 0.2 to 0.9 ppm. However, in flats equipped with cookers that burn kerosene and solid materials such as coal and wood, the carbon monoxide concentration ranged from 4.32 to 4.82 ppm [36].…”

Section: Carbon Monoxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of IAQ in Premises Equipped with Façade–Ventilation Systems

Zender–Świercz

2021

Atmosphere

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Poor indoor air quality affects the health of the occupants of a given structure or building. It reduces the effectiveness of learning and work efficiency. Among many pollutants, PM 2.5 and 10 dusts are extremely important. They can be eliminated using mechanical ventilation equipped with filters. Façade ventilation devices are used as a way to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) in existing buildings. For their analysis, researchers used carbon dioxide as a tracer gas. They have shown that façade ventilation devices are an effective way to improve IAQ, but require further analysis due to the sensitivity of façade ventilation devices to the effects of wind and outdoor temperature. In addition, legal regulations in some countries require verification in order to enable the use of this type of solution as a way to improve IAQ in an era characterised by the effort to transform buildings into passive houses (standard for energy efficiency in a building).

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“…CO emanating from burning wood alone can raise the average indoor level (5 ppm) by about 1000 times (USEPA 1991). Ambient levels of CO were found to be much higher than WHO standards in Ibadan and Kano cities of Nigeria (Ayodele et al 2007;Sunny et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, CO is the most toxic among the contents and is studied in detail. In Nigeria, the most important sources are motor vehicles, gasolinepowered generators, kerosene stoves, wood burning and cigarette smoke (Ayodele et al 2007). CO emanating from burning wood alone can raise the average indoor level (5 ppm) by about 1000 times (USEPA 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress after Acute Exposure of Mice to Exhaust FumesOxidative Stress after Acute Exposure of Mice to Exhaust Fumes

Kurawa,

Magaji

2016

Nig J Neurosci

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This study assesses oxidative damage as a result of acute exposure of mice to carbon monoxide (CO) from exhaust fumes of gasoline powered generator (TIGER, TG950, Suzhou Tiger Power Machine Co., Ltd., China). Thirty six mice were divided into 3 exposure groups and each group subdivided into either control group, which was exposed to room air, or an experimental group that was exposed directly to the fumes for 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hour periods in a partially enclosed gas chamber before the neurobehavioral tests. Elevated plus maze (EPM) was used to assess learning and memory. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, specifically malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were estimated in the serum using standard kits from Northwest Life Science Specialties Ltd. Carbon monoxide (CO) monitor (Amprobe, CM100) was used to record the dose of CO in parts per million (ppm). The dose of 100 – 150 ppm of CO exposure was maintained throughout the study. The result in general suggests decreased ability of the exposed mice to learn and also recall the learned behaviour. There were also significant increases in the MDA, SOD and GPx in the experimental group when compared to their controls. Our results suggest that acute exposure to CO could be responsible for the significant oxidative damage and impaired learning and memory observed in the experimental mice. Therefore oxidative stress could serve as yet another mechanism of CO toxicity aside hypoxia.

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Carbon Monoxide as Indoor Pollutant in Kano Metropolis

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Acute Inhalation of Generator Exhaust-Fumes May Impair Learning and Memory in Mice

Acute Inhalation of Generator Exhaust-Fumes May Impair Learning and Memory in Mice

Review of IAQ in Premises Equipped with Façade–Ventilation Systems

Oxidative Stress after Acute Exposure of Mice to Exhaust FumesOxidative Stress after Acute Exposure of Mice to Exhaust Fumes

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