Carbon Nanomaterials for Neuroanalytical Chemistry

Developing an electrochemical sensor for thein vivomeasurements of dopamine

“…A review by Yang and Venton contains detailed information on using carbon nanomaterials as electrochemical sensors for the direct detection of DA, highlighting its advantages, such as cheaper cost and the possibility for batch fabrication. 154 Immobilisation of single-walled CNT (SWCNT) onto CFMEs performed by dip-coating produced larger measured currents and S/N ratios due to increased surface area, but the results had poor reproducibility because of the inconsistencies in the orientation and density of CNTs during deposition. 27 A study on the effect of different surface functionalities of SWCNTs on dip-coated CFMEs showed that carboxylic acid functionalisation improved the sensitivity of the electrodes even after implantation, but reproducibility is still to be improved.…”

Nano- and Microsensors for In Vivo Real-Time Electrochemical Analysis: Present and Future Perspectives

“…One of the first in vivo studies to measure catecholamines in brain tissue used a carbon paste electrode [ 46 ]. Nowadays, significant progress can be noted in the development of electrodes for neuromeasurements [ 11 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. In particular, it is known that electrodes can be modified with graphene [ 53 ] to allow detection of dopamine (DA) without the influence of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA).…”

“…Today, there is a wealth of research that focuses on the in vivo detection of neurotransmitters [ 11 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The investigation of biological molecules involved in brain processes is an acute problem for the study of normal brain activity and to understand the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases.…”