Carbon nanosheets by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition in CH4–Ar system

Carbon nanowalls thin films as nanostructured electrode materials in vanadium redox flow batteries

“…On the other hand, when v scan increased to 50 mV s À1 (Figure 4b) CNW1 and CNW3 displayed higher values of DE p than CNW2, possibly due to the different polarization of the electrodes [32]. The intermediate thickness of the CNW2 film (3.8 mm) facilitates the electron transfer between the electrode/electrolyte interface and the gold substrate (which acts as current collector), thereby significantly reducing the polarization of this sample [33]. This fact, together with the highest number of reactive edge planes, made CNW2 film the most suitable electrode material of the three CNWs films studied.…”

Synthesis and modification of carbon nanomaterials via AC arc and dielectric barrier discharge plasma

“…Under dual pressure of the energy and environment, a large volume of research work has been devoted to developing plasma synthesis procedures and optimizing the conditions for enhancing the production of carbon nanomaterials. By far, carbon nanomaterials can be synthesized by plasma methods such as laser vaporizations [10], arc discharges (including direct current and alternating current arc) [11], plasma enhanced chemical vapor decomposition [12][13][14]. Among the various plasma synthesis methods, alternating current (AC) arc discharge plasma method has been considered as a promising method for the formation of carbon nanomaterials because of high efficiency, large discharge area and low cost as well as low-temperature growth.…”

Vertically Aligned Graphene Nanosheet Arrays: Synthesis, Properties and Applications in Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

“…[36] Auxiliary gases such as Ar were also introduced to increase the average electron temperature and enhance the formation of growth species for VAGNA synthesis, which enabled the growth at a further reduced temperature. [37] Dopants such as NH 3 or N 2 were also incorporated in the growth of VAGNAs, which led to the transformation of VAGNAs from p-type to n-type with improved charge mobility. [38] In addition to the gaseous hydrocarbon, honey, butter, cheese, [39,40] natural essential oil, [41] PAN fibers, [42] and carbon fibers [43] could also be used as carbon source for VAGNA synthesis in PECVD.…”