Carbon Nanostructures for Energy and Sensing Applications

Abstract

e demand of energy storage as well as affordable and easy-to-handle healthcare and environmental monitoring systems is increasing with the incessant growth in the world population. erefore, there is a prodigious need for more economic and efficient technologies for energy storage and sensors for healthcare and environmental monitoring application. e advancement of carbon nanostructured materials, dimensions ranging from tens to several hundreds of nm, dating back to the past few years, has seen a tremendous scientific growth in the field of battery and supercapacitor [1], bio, chemical, and mechanical sensors [2][3][4][5][6], and possible related applications as illustrated in Figure 1 [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. ese nanostructured carbon materials own unique characteristics, such as superior electrical conductivity, tunable porosity, outstanding mechanical strength, and remarkable thermal, optical, and chemical properties because of their nanosized and very high surface-area-to-volume ratio [16,17]. ese outstanding structural characteristics of carbon nanomaterials help them to interact with other materials for numerous innovative applications, such as in energy storage and conversion and sensing.is special issue is envisioned to provide an insight into the role of nanoscopic features in improving the functional properties of carbon nanomaterials and their composites, such as amorphous and graphitic carbon, carbon nanofibers, nanotubes, and graphene, and composites with metal and metal oxides. In this special issue on carbon nanostructures for energy and sensing applications, we have invited a few papers that address such matters. e first and second papers of this special issue address electro-oxidation of formic acid (FAO).e first paper reported about the CuOx-Pd nanocatalyst supported on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode. A distinct class of nanostructured catalyst made up of binary palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) and copper oxide nanowires (CuOxNWs) has been realized onto the GC electrode. It was found that the deposition sequence of both nanostructures onto the carbon electrode influenced the catalytic efficiency heavily. e highest catalytic activity and stability were obtained at the GC electrode surface with partially deposited CuOxNWs on CuOx/Pd catalysts. e second paper demonstrates a binary platinum (Pt) nanocatalyst on glassy carbon surfaces with earth abundant iron oxide nanowires (FeOx/Pt) for improved formic acid electro-oxidation, and it was found that nanocatalyst displayed a better (∼4 times) catalytic activity as compared to bare Pt electrode and that when triggering the catalyst at ∼0.5 V, the catalysis enhanced ∼8 times.Carbon nanomaterials, specifically graphene, graphene oxide, nanotubes, and nanofibers owing to their high accessible surface area and porosity, capability of easy surface functionalization and suitability make them to serve as a support material for various types of adsorbents to solve the purpose of desulfurization [18]. e third paper is a comprehensive review on carbon n...

Nano-functionalized paper-based IoT enabled devices for point-of-care testing: a review

“…It shows excellent electrical mobility and electrical conductivity for the fabrication of graphene-based electronic material. It has a small band-gap that greatly contributes in electron conduction from target molecules in electrochemical biosensors (Mondal et al 2019;Mondal and Gupta 2018). Graphene can provide ultra-high surface area for the loading of bioreceptorn.…”

A Review on Advanced Manufacturing for Hydrogen Storage Applications

“…Hydrogen storage within carbon materials is an attractive form of storage as carbon has a low specific weight and high specific surface area, allowing for high gravimetric storage of hydrogen [113]. Carbon in its activated form is also widely available and inexpensive to manufacture [114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]. For hydrogen storage there are several forms of carbon materials used: carbon nanofiber (CNF), single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) [108].…”

“…, x FOR PEER REVIEW 14 of 20 storage of hydrogen [113]. Carbon in its activated form is also widely available and inexpensive to manufacture [114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]. For hydrogen storage there are several forms of carbon materials used: carbon nanofiber (CNF), single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) [108].…”

Synthesis and evaluating of carbon nanoallotrope‐biomacromolecule gel composites as drug delivery systems

“…24 On other hand CNSs (graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene sheets and their hybrids.) as carbon nanoallotropes, are also used in diverse applications (liquid and gases purification, 10,11,25 medical, 26 electronics, 27 sensors, and energy storage or conversion, 28 etc). In last decades, the CNSs from sources rich in carbon (biomass and graphite) have great attention.…”