Carbon nanotube/metal-sulfide composite flexible electrodes for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors

Gopi, Chandu V. V. Muralee; Ravi, Seenu; Rao, S. Srinivasa; Reddy, Araveeti Eswar; Kim, Heeje

doi:10.1038/srep46519

Cited by 144 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the device performance was higher in the case of CuS CEs. Possibly, the hierarchical structure of the CuS nanorods that are tightly bound to the substrate is more favorable in the electrochemical activity than the 3D structure of NiS and PbS . It is then necessary to study the electrochemical characteristic of the CEs in correlation with their PCEs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Microwave‐Assisted Fabrication of Hierarchically Arranged Metal Sulfide Counter Electrodes to Boost Stability and Efficiency of Quantum Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Tsai

Dehvari

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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This study describes preparation of metal sulfide counter electrodes (CEs) through one‐pot microwave‐assisted route to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE) of quantum dot‐sensitized solar cells at a lower cost. The CuS nanorods, Ni0.96S nanoparticles, and PbS nanocubes are synthesized and deposited in situ on fluorine‐doped tin oxide substrate to serve as CEs without further post‐treatment. Effects of several reaction parameters including sulfur precursor (Na2S, C2H5NS, CH4N2S), Cu concentration, reaction time, and choice of cation (Cu, Ni, Pb) on the CEs morphology, electrochemical characteristics, and PCE are studied. Furthermore, nanostructure formation and thin film growth are studied and correlated with PCE, from which morphology‐ and composition‐performance relationships can be inferred. Hierarchically assembled nanorod CuS CEs exhibit higher electrochemical stability in the S2–/Sn2– redox reaction. Together with the efficient charge transfer and higher diffusion coefficient of polysulfide redox at the electrode/electrolyte interface, deduced from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel analyses, a PCE of 8.32% is achieved for the CuS CE. The enhanced photovoltaic performance is ascribed to the 1D CuS nanorods forming a diffusive structure which decreases charge transfer impedance and facilitates regeneration of polysulfide redox leading to a higher short‐circuit current density and fill factor.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Microwave‐Assisted Fabrication of Hierarchically Arranged Metal Sulfide Counter Electrodes to Boost Stability and Efficiency of Quantum Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Tsai

Dehvari

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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“…However, as a metal sulfide material, they have common defects, e.g., poor electronic conductivity and high volume change during cycling. One method to overcome these drawbacks is to form CoS x composites with graphene to enhance their electronic conductivity and offset the volume change …”

Section: Sodium‐ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal Sulfides Based on Graphene for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Geng

Zheng

Tang

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

752

281

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factors: electrode materials, electrolytes, and separators. [18] Finding suitable electrode materials to promote and realize their commercialization is still considered one of the major challenges. [19][20][21] Up to now, electrode materials have commonly included carbon materials (CMs), [5,13,22] conducting polymer materials (CPMs), [23] transition metal oxides (TMOs), [24] and others. [25][26][27] However, they all have their respective shortcomings; for instance, CMs tend to restack and then decrease the specific surface area, which is an important index for CM performance. [28][29][30] CPMs show the same phenomenon that the original structure will collapse under long-term charge/discharge process. [23] Although the above two types of electrode materials have good electron conductivity, their changing specific surface area and structures during use make them unlikely to be promising electrode materials. TMOs always have a good reversible faradic reaction due to their valence flexibility. However, in comparison to CMs, their poor electron conductivity may lower their specific capacity. [31][32][33] Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their high specific capacity. For example, nickel and cobalt sulfides (e.g., NiS x , CoS x ) have specific capacities that are double of their oxide counterparts (e.g., NiO x , CoO x ). [22,[34][35][36] This is because the replacement of oxygen with sulfur, an element with a lower electronegativity, increases the performance compared to TMOs. [37,38] However, their unyielding volume change during the cycling process has hindered their further development and application in lithium and sodium rechargeable batteries. [39] Though TMSs possess high specific capacities and excellent rate capabilities when used for SCs, it is difficult to achieve all these objectives simultaneously from a single material. Therefore, the hybridization of different materials with different properties is becoming an interesting research area. Recent papers have testified that the adulteration of graphene or graphene derivatives can solve these issues and increase the electrochemical performance of energy storage devices. [40][41][42] It can be attributed to the properties of graphene: 2D conductive networks, a large specific surface area, and good physicochemical stability. In addition to these properties, their porous structure can effectively promote the diffusion of electrolyte ions. Therefore, 2D graphene is one of the ideal support framework materials to prepare TMS@graphene composites for electrode materials. [43][44][45][46] Transition metal sulfides, as an important class of inorganics, can be used as excellent electrode materials for various types of electrochemical energy storage, such as lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and others. Recent works have identified that mixing graphene or graphene derivatives with transition metal sulfides can result in novel composites with better electrochemical performance. This review summarizes ...

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“…In Figure f, S 2p spectrum reveals two peaks at 162.3 and 163.5 eV, which represents the spin–orbit splitting of sulfur 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 of the S2 −2 dimer in VS 4 12a. Meanwhile, the resultant O 1s peak observed in Figure g, can be deconvoluted into two peaks at 530.4 (C‐O) and 531.6 (C‐O‐H) eV, which is due to the C functionalities from CC conductive medium associated with moisture oxygen molecules …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Self‐Branched Lamination of Hierarchical Patronite Nanoarchitectures on Carbon Fiber Cloth as Novel Electrode for Ionic Liquid Electrolyte‐Based High Energy Density Supercapacitors

Manikandan

Raj

Nagaraju

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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The developments of rationally designed binder-free metal chalcogenides decorated flexible electrodes are of paramount importance for advanced energy storage devices. Herein, binder-free patronite (VS 4 ) flower-like nanostructures are facilely fabricated on a carbon cloth (CC) using a facile hydrothermal method for high-performance supercapacitors. The growth density and morphology of VS 4 nanostructures on CC are also controlled by varying the concentrations of vanadium and sulfur sources along with the complexing agent in the growth solution. The optimal electrode with an appropriate growth concentration (VS 4 -CC@VS-3) demonstrates a considerable pseudocapacitance performance in the ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate), with a high operating potential of 2 V. Utilizing VS 4 -CC@VS-3 as both positive and negative electrodes, the IL-based symmetric supercapacitor is assembled, which demonstrates a high areal capacitance of 536 mF cm −2 (206 F g −1 ) and excellent cycling durability (93%) with superior energy and power densities of 74.4 µWh cm −2 (28.6 Wh kg −1 ) and 10154 µW cm −2 (9340 W kg −1 ), respectively. As for the high energy storage performance, the device stably energizes various portable electronic applications for a long time, which make the fabricated composite material open up news for the fabrication of fabrics supported binder-free chalcogenides for high-performance energy storage devices.

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Carbon nanotube/metal-sulfide composite flexible electrodes for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors

Cited by 144 publications

References 54 publications

In Situ Microwave‐Assisted Fabrication of Hierarchically Arranged Metal Sulfide Counter Electrodes to Boost Stability and Efficiency of Quantum Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cells

In Situ Microwave‐Assisted Fabrication of Hierarchically Arranged Metal Sulfide Counter Electrodes to Boost Stability and Efficiency of Quantum Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Transition Metal Sulfides Based on Graphene for Electrochemical Energy Storage

A Self‐Branched Lamination of Hierarchical Patronite Nanoarchitectures on Carbon Fiber Cloth as Novel Electrode for Ionic Liquid Electrolyte‐Based High Energy Density Supercapacitors

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