Carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite as anode material for microbial fuel cells

Qiao, Yan; Li, Chang Ming; Bao, Shu Juan; Bao, Qiao Liang

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.03.048

Cited by 585 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These different performances of the MFC in the four kinds of electrodes could be realized from the images of micro-surface morphology by using SEM. Comparison of the power generation in this study with other research on the E. coli MFC with the same kinds of electrodes [15], [19]. The power density produced in the MFC system in this study is better than in other previous research.…”

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confidence: 50%

“…Niessen et al, [17], [18] reported that using the modified electrode with fluorinated polyanilines poly (2-fluoroaniline) and poly (2, 3, 5, 6-tetrafluoroaniline) could improve the electricity of an MFC. Qiao et al, [19] reported that the use of carbon nanotubes (CNT), with the addition of polyaniline (PANI) as an anode electrode and placed on an E. coli microbial fuel cell, could produce a maximum power density of 42mW/m 2 . Zhao et al, [20], [21] used Iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) and cobalt tetramethoxyphenyl-porphyrin (CoTMPP) as a cathode electrode and discovered that it had the same performance as that of using platinum metal electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, a layer with carbon nanotubes / polyaniline polymer was placed on the electrodes. The carbon nanotubes / polyaniline polymer could improve the charge transfer effectiveness of the electrodes [19] because of its conductive polymer. Concerning the surface morphology of the NR-woven carbon paper electrode shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrode Material of Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline Carbon Paper Applied in Microbial Fuel Cells

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Lee³

et al. 2013

JOCET

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Abstract-Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are promising clean energy sources for simultaneous recycling of organic waste while harvesting electricity. As for the different effects of electrode materials on the power performance of MFCs, a new material of electrode, carbon nanotube/polyaniline carbon paper (CNT/PANI carbon paper) was utilized and compared with other traditional carbon paper/cloth in this study. Results show that a lower ohmic loss and a better power performance were executed by using CNT/PANI carbon paper. These findings further exhibit its feasibility to improvement of power performance in MFCs.Index Terms-Electrode, microbial fuel cells, carbon nanotube / polyaniline carbon paper. I. INTRODUCTIONThe exhaustion of petroleum stores and the impending energy crisis will result in the future destruction of the environment. To help prevent this, seeking clean and renewable energy to replace traditional petrochemical energy has been continued. Here, the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are one of green energy sources because MFCs uses microorganisms as a substrate and possesses active electrodes using the microorganism metabolism to produce electricity. The working principle of a microbial fuel cell is similar to that of a fuel cell. But, the main difference between them is the microorganisms' function in the microbial fuel cell to carry out the energy conversion [1].The microbial fuel cell can be divided into direct microbial fuel cells and indirect ones [2]-[4]. A typical MFC consists of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a proton exchange membrane (PEM) whose available source is multiple [4]- [7]. As for the electrode materials, graphite particles, graphite felt, carbon paper, carbon cloth, reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) and carbon brush were often used previously.Concerning the feature of different electrode material resulting in different activation polarization losses [1], [2], Pt and Pt black electrodes are superior to graphite, graphite felt and carbon cloth electrodes for power performance, but their costs are much higher [8]. Schröder et al.,[9] reported that using a platinumized carbon cloth electrode in E. coli MFC with a current density of 0.84mA/cm 2 would be greater than Manuscript received October 23, 2012; revised January 18, 2013. This work was supported by National Science Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan.(Contract No. NSC-101-2221-E-197-006 and NSC-101-2622-E-004-CC3). In addition, a part of financial assistance was supported by National I Lan University The authors are with Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan, 26047, Taiwan (e-mail: ctwang@niu.edu.tw).that of using standard carbon cloth electrode whose value is 0.02mA/cm 2 . In addition, a value of electricity generation with1.45mA/cm 2 was obtained by using a platinumized carbon cloth electrode with polyaniline. Generally, Pt has a higher catalytic activity with regard to oxygen than graphite materials [10]- [12].Several research groups have looked into...

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confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrode Material of Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline Carbon Paper Applied in Microbial Fuel Cells

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Lee³

et al. 2013

JOCET

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“…However, the technology is not feasible practically, primarily due to low performance and lack of technical maturity. Intensive work has been focused on employing and modifying CNTs as electrodes to increase power production in MFC because of their high conductivity and large surface area (Morozan et al, 2007;Qiao et al, 2007;Sharma et al, 2008;Tsai et al, 2009). Tsai et al (2009) prepared a new type of electrode architecture by coating CNTs onto a carbon cloth to form a highly conductive electrode with high specific surface-area in MFC.…”

Section: Carbon Nanotubes In Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on carbon nanotubes in an environmental protection and green engineering perspective

Ong¹,

Ahmad²,

Zein³

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

170

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-Recent developments in nanotechnologies have helped to benchmark carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as one of the most studied nanomaterials. By taking advantages of CNTs extraordinary physical, chemical and electronic properties, a wide variety of applications has been proposed in various engineering fields. In this short review, the contribution of CNTs is addressed in terms of sustainable environment and green technologies perspective, such as waste water treatment, air pollution monitoring, biotechnologies, renewable energy technologies, supercapacitors and green nanocomposites. Consideration of CNTs for large scale application from the aspect of cost and potential hazards are also discussed. Based on the literature studied, CNTs pose a great potential as a promising material for application in various environmental fields.

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“…Owing to these advantages, polyaniline is considered to be the most promising conducting polymer [12][13][14]. However, polyaniline can be problematic for its poor stability; it is also easy to be doped (impure) in the preparation process and difficult to be processed or functionalized [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Graphene/Polyaniline-Modified Electrodes Enhance the Performance of Two-Chambered Microbial Fuel Cells

Yang¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The development of highly efficient modified electrodes is critical for enhancing the power output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, different titanium electrodes were modified with functionalized graphene, polyaniline, and their composite (G/PANI) for use in two-chambered MFCs. The results showed that graphene, polyaniline, and G/PANI modification of the cathode improved the maximum power density of MFCs by 74%, 40%, and 126%, respectively, compared with the unmodified control. Among the three materials, G/PANI modification of the anode resulted in the highest open-circuit voltage of MFCs (0.71 V) and recorded the longest operating time for three consecutive cycles (110 h). G/PANI was superior to the other two materials in terms of power generation and it also extended the duration of the operating cycle of MFCs. G/PANI modification of both the cathode and anode improved the maximum power density of MFCs to 124.84 mW•m -2 ; this value was 24.8% and 18.9% higher than those obtained by simple modification of the cathode and the anode, respectively. The duration of the operating cycle of MFCs was also markedly extended to 35 h after G/PANI modification of both the cathode and anode. SEM results revealed that the increase in power generation of MFCs with G/PANI-modified electrodes could be attributed to the high surface area of electrodes and the large number of bacteria attached to electrodes. These results have demonstrated that the G/PANI composite can be effective materials for modifying electrodes and improving power generation in two-chambered MFCs.

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Carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite as anode material for microbial fuel cells

Cited by 585 publications

References 24 publications

Electrode Material of Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline Carbon Paper Applied in Microbial Fuel Cells

Electrode Material of Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline Carbon Paper Applied in Microbial Fuel Cells

A review on carbon nanotubes in an environmental protection and green engineering perspective

Using Graphene/Polyaniline-Modified Electrodes Enhance the Performance of Two-Chambered Microbial Fuel Cells

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