Carbon reserve and remobilization in leaf sheaths during the grain-filling stage in response to leaf early senescence

Li, Zhaowei; Wang, Fubiao; Lin, Weiwei; Zhao, Qian; Liu, Jianchao; Cheng, Fangmin

doi:10.1007/s11738-016-2304-6

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The extraction of NSC was performed by following the method described by Li et al. (). The sheath samples were dried in an oven and ground into fine powder, in a 10 ml centrifuge tube, 500 mg of ground sample was added with 5 ml of 80% (v/v) ethanol and kept in a water bath at 80°C for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under water deficient conditions, the translocation efficiency of NSC from leaf sheaths to grains markedly increased, but this occurrence was commonly accompanied by a shortened grain‐filling period as well as an accelerated senescence of functional leaves (Yang et al., , ). Thus, the NSCs in leaf sheaths might play an important compensating role in grain filling when the functional leaves experienced early aging during grain filling (Li et al., ). For different functional leaves within a rice plant, the upper‐positional leaves differed from the lower leaves in their photosynthetic assimilation abilities as well as the initiation and progression of leaf senescence during grain filling (Wang et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sucrose synthase (Susy, EC 2.4.1.13) catalyzes the reversible conversion of sucrose and UDP into UDP‐glucose and fructose (Nakamura, Yuki, Park, & Ohya, ). Besides SPS and Susy, Fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase (FBPase, EC 3.1.3.11) also participates in the sucrose biosynthesis and its feedback control in plant tissues, which is also widely thought to be strongly responsible for the regulation of sucrose concentration in leaf sheaths (Li et al., ; Li et al., ). According to Qazia, Paranjpe, and Bhargava (), sweet sorghum ( Sorghum dochna L.) differed from common grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) in the partitioning between structural and storage carbohydrates in stems, with relatively high activities of SPS and Susy in sweet sorghum compared to grain sorghum (Bihmidine, Baker, Hoffner, & Braun, ; Qazia et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Senescence‐related translocation of nonstructural carbohydrate in rice leaf sheaths under different nitrogen supply

et al. 2020

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The translocation of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) from leaf sheaths to filling grains after anthesis contributed greatly to the grain yield of cereal crops. In this study, the effect of nitrogen (N) supply levels on the accumulation and translocation of NSC in leaf sheath tissues and its relationship with the initiation and progression of leaf senescence during grain filling was investigated using two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes, namely, premature flag leaf senescence mutant (psf) and its wild‐type. Three N treatment levels were used to examine N‐supply induced alteration in the activities of several key enzymes involved in NSC translocation and N assimilation in different leaf sheaths. The results show that the NSC translocation rate in leaf sheaths under low nitrogen (LN) treatment was significantly higher than those under normal nitrogen (NN) and high nitrogen (HN) treatments. However, the positive effect of LN on the NSC translocation in leaf sheath was closely associated with its negative effect on grain yield, due to accelerated leaf senescence and shortened leaf longevity. Comparatively, the upper‐positional sheath had a lower NSC amount and higher NSC translocation rate than the lower‐leaf sheaths after heading. High N suppressed sucrose‐phosphate synthase (SPS) activity in leaf sheaths, but enhanced the activity of key enzymes involving in N assimilation in leaf sheaths. The upper sheath had higher activity of sucrose‐metabolizing enzymes and lower activity of N‐assimilating enzymes. Hence, the upper‐leaf sheath had a relatively weak N assimilation and stronger NSC translocation than the lower‐leaf sheaths.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Senescence‐related translocation of nonstructural carbohydrate in rice leaf sheaths under different nitrogen supply

et al. 2020

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“…Previous studies have shown that 60% to 80% of nutrients required for rice grain filling are contributed by the photosynthesis of source leaves during the grain-filling period [ 2 , 3 ]. The rest of the nutrients are made up of remobilized carbohydrates that are temporarily stored in culms and leaf sheaths before the heading stage [ 4 ]. The photosynthetic intensity and durability of the source leaves are essential for grain filling in the rice plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll Composition, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Grain Yield Change in esl Mutant Rice

Lin

Guo

Pan

et al. 2018

IJMS

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To evaluate the effect of changes in chlorophyll (Chl) composition and fluorescence on final yield formation, early senescence leaf (esl) mutant rice and its wild-type cultivar were employed to investigate the genotype-dependent differences in Chl composition, Chl fluorescence, and yield characteristics during the grain-filling stage. However, the temporal expression patterns of key genes involved in the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center in the leaves of two rice genotypes were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results showed that the seed-setting rate, 1000-grain weight, and yield per plant remarkably decreased, and the increase in the 1000-grain weight during the grain-filling stage was retarded in esl mutant rice. Chl composition, maximal fluorescence yield (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv), a maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in esl mutant rice considerably decreased, thereby indicating the weakened abilities of light energy harvesting and transferring in senescent leaves. The esl mutant rice showed an increase in the minimal fluorescence yield (F0) and 1 − Fv/Fm and decreases in the expression levels of light-harvesting Chl a/b binding protein (Cab) and photosystem II binding protein A (PsbA), PsbB, PsbC, and PsbD encoding for the reaction center of the PSII complex during the grain-filling stage. These results indicated the PSII reaction centers were severely damaged in the mesophyll cells of senescent leaves, which resulted in the weakened harvesting quantum photon and transferring light energy to PSI and PSII for carbon dioxide assimilation, leading to enhanced heat dissipation of light energy and a decrease in Pn.

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“…Genes encoding proteases to hydrolyze proteins show highly induced expression during leaf senescence in different species (Liu et al ., 2008; Desclos et al ., 2009; Hollmann et al ., 2014; Moschen et al ., 2016). At least a portion of senescence-associated proteases localize to senescence-associated vacuoles to degrade chloroplast-derived proteins and are up-regulated during leaf senescence and then the resulting catabolic products are mobilized from leaves to the developing seeds (Drake et al ., 1996; Buchanan-Wollaston et al ., 2003; Carrión et al ., 2013; Li et al ., 2017). In the present study, defoliation increased the activities of a-amylase, β-amylase (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-Sink Modifications Affect Leaf Senescence and Grain Mass in Wheat

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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1 A field experiment was performed in wheat to investigate the responses of flag leaf and grain to 2 sink/source manipulations. The results showed that half-degraining delayed but defoliation (only 3 flag leaf left) enhanced the leaf senescence. Sink/source manipulations influenced the content of 4 1 1 Chloroplast Structure 1 2 At 16 DAM, visual observation did not find difference in senescing flag leaf between three 1 3 Fv/Fm 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

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Carbon reserve and remobilization in leaf sheaths during the grain-filling stage in response to leaf early senescence

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Senescence‐related translocation of nonstructural carbohydrate in rice leaf sheaths under different nitrogen supply

Senescence‐related translocation of nonstructural carbohydrate in rice leaf sheaths under different nitrogen supply

Chlorophyll Composition, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Grain Yield Change in esl Mutant Rice

Source-Sink Modifications Affect Leaf Senescence and Grain Mass in Wheat

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