“Carbon rights”, REDD+ and payments for environmental services

Karsenty, Alain; Vogel, Aurélie; Castell, Frédéric

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2012.08.013

Cited by 97 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In spite of the initially high expectations with regard to CDM, and subsequent hopes that REDD+ would advance future international agreement on tackling climate change, the growing importance of carbon in forest policy has given rise to four reservations that have resurfaced since the inclusion of afforestation and reforestation in the Clean Development Mechanism (Karsenty et al, 2014). First, there is the risk of 'non-permanence', which occurs, for example, when a country receives payments for conserving an area of forests that it later clears or burns.…”

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the reduction of carbon emissions in one place may displace deforestation and degradation to other places, a phenomenon known as leakage. There is a possibility that the project-based approach that has so far been most common for the implementation of REDD+ may create situations where achievements are made at the project level, but deforestation continues across the country as a whole (Karsenty et al, 2014). Third, although forest management guidelines in developing countries are often as strict as those in developed nations (Kanowski et al, 2011), corrupt governance practices may hamper the elimination of unsustainable forest practices (Luttrell et al, 2014), or hamper trustworthy measurements and data collection (cf.…”

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buizer and Lawrence, 2014). Karsenty et al (2014) underline the importance of implementing REDD at national levels rather than project levels in order to prevent the problem of leakage of carbon emissions from one REDDsupported location to another. However, they note that project level implementation, notwithstanding the risks of leakage, is now common practice.…”

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the market does not provide sufficient income to prevent deforestation then a mechanism is needed to make up the shortfall. The only obvious mechanism is international public finance, provided that there is sufficient political will to provide the shortfall of financial resources (Karsenty et al, 2014).…”

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several contributions examine the translations of specific definitions and delineations of forest-climate problems into policies in different parts of the world, including Peru (Evans et al, 2014), Indonesia (Luttrell et al, 2014), Cameroon (Awono et al, 2014;Somorin et al, 2014), Sweden (Kleinschmit and Sjöstedt, 2014), Canada and the United States (Wellstead et al, 2014), and Australia and the United Kingdom (Buizer and Lawrence, 2014). Others are more general and theoretically oriented reflections (Den Besten et al, 2014;Karsenty et al, 2014;McDermott, 2014;Reinecke et al, 2014) or explore a related policy domain to see how it can be instructive to the REDD+ debate (Melo et al, 2014). The theoretical points of departure of the contributions range from environmental economics, multi-level governance, network theory, political ecology, discourse analysis, and media analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change and deforestation: The evolution of an intersecting policy domain

Buizer

Humphreys

Jong

2014

Environmental Science & Policy

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Forests and climate change are increasingly dealt with as interconnected policy issues. Both the potential synergies and policy conflicts between forest conservation and restoration and climate change mitigation now receive sustained and high level attention from academic, policy analysis and practitioner communities across the globe. Arguably the most pronounced contemporary policy manifestation of this is the debate on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (or REDD+) by which governments and private investors from developed countries may compensate actors in tropical forest countries for reducing forest loss beneath an agreed baseline. Problems of climate-forest policies implementation and governance, however, can also be found in countries such as Canada, the USA, the UK and Australia. The future of instruments like REDD+ is uncertain with growing critiques on payment and performance-based mechanisms and unresolved issues of governance, government and accountability. This paper, and the special issue it introduces, illustrates that in the REDD+ debate many contentious issues have resurfaced from past debates. These issues include the participation and rights of local communities in forest policy and management; the relationship between internationally agreed payment and performance-based programmes and formal democratic decision-making processes and structures; the complexities of rights to carbon versus tenure rights; and the ways in which -in spite of the high expectations of both developing and developed countries to combat carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation through the REDD+ mechanism -effective climate-focused forestry policies are seldom found in most tropical forest-rich countries. REDD+ is now very much the dominant discourse at the forest-climate interface, and one with a primary focus on measurability to communicate carbon mitigation results across various levels. However, this serves to disperse and displace, rather than resolve, policy-making on non-carbon values.

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Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementation Problems and The Effectiveness Of Forest-climmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change and deforestation: The evolution of an intersecting policy domain

Buizer

Humphreys

Jong

2014

Environmental Science & Policy

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Negative emissions and the long history of carbon removal

Carton

Asiyanbi

Beck

et al. 2020

WIREs Climate Change

156

100

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Recent IPCC assessments highlight a key role for large-scale carbon removal in meeting the objectives of the Paris Agreement. This focus on removal, also referred to as negative emissions, is suggestive of novel opportunities, risks, and challenges in addressing climate change, but tends to build on the narrow techno-economic framings that characterize integrated assessment modeling. While the discussion on negative emissions bears important parallels to a wider and older literature on carbon sequestration and carbon sinks, this earlier scholarship-particularly from the critical social sciences-is seldom engaged with by the negative emissions research community. In this article, we survey this "long history" of carbon removal and seek to draw out lessons for ongoing research and the emerging public debate on negative emissions. We argue that research and policy on negative emissions should proceed not just from projections of the future, but also from an acknowledgement of past controversies, successes and failures. In particular, our review calls attention to the irreducibly political character of carbon removal imaginaries and accounting practices and urges acknowledgement of past experiences with the implementation of (small-scale) carbon sequestration projects. Our review in this way highlights the importance of seeing continuity in the carbon removal discussion and calls for more engagement with existing social science scholarship on the subject. Acknowledging continuity and embracing an interdisciplinary research agenda on carbon removal are important aspects in making climate change mitigation research more responsible, and a precondition to avoid repeating past mistakes and failures.

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Climate mitigation policies and the potential pathways to conflict: Outlining a research agenda

Gilmore

Buhaug

2021

WIREs Climate Change

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Climate policies will need to incentivize transformative societal changes if they are to achieve emission reductions consistent with 1.5°C temperature targets. To contribute to efforts for aligning climate policy with broader societal goals, specifically those related to sustainable development, we identify the effects of climate mitigation policy on aspects of socioeconomic development that are known determinants of conflict and evaluate the plausibility and importance of potential pathways to armed conflict and political violence. Conditional on preexisting societal tensions and socioeconomic vulnerabilities, we isolate effects on economic performance, income and livelihood, food and energy prices, and land tenure as most likely to increase conflict risks. Climate policy designs may be critical to moderate these risks as different designs can promote more favorable societal outcomes such as equity and inclusion. Coupling research with careful monitoring and evaluation of the intermediate societal effects at early stages of policy implementation will be a critical part of learning and moderating potential conflict risks. Importantly, better characterizing the future conflict risks under climate policy allows for a more comprehensive comparison to the conflict risk if mitigation is not implemented and graver climate damages are experienced. This article is categorized under: The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Benefits of Mitigation

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“Carbon rights”, REDD+ and payments for environmental services

Cited by 97 publications

References 9 publications

Climate change and deforestation: The evolution of an intersecting policy domain

Climate change and deforestation: The evolution of an intersecting policy domain

Negative emissions and the long history of carbon removal

Climate mitigation policies and the potential pathways to conflict: Outlining a research agenda

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