Carbon Source Starvation of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium–Elevated MIC Deterioration of Tensile Strength and Strain of X80 Pipeline Steel

Abstract

It is known that starved sulfate-reducing bacterial biofilms corrode carbon steel more aggressively because they use electrons from elemental iron oxidation as an alternative source of energy. This work used carbon source starvation to vary MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) severity for studying subsequent MIC impacts on the degradation of X80 carbon steel mechanical properties. X80 square coupons and dogbone coupons were immersed in ATCC 1249 culture medium (200 ml in 450-ml anaerobic bottles) inoculated with Desulfovibrio vulgaris for 3-day pre-growth and then for an additional 14 days in fresh media with adjusted carbon source levels for starvation testing. After the starvation test, the sessile cell counts (cells/cm2) on the dogbone coupons in the bottles with carbon source levels of 0, 10, 50, and 100% (vs that in the full-strength medium) were 8.1 × 106, 3.2 × 107, 8.3 × 107, and 1.3 × 108, respectively. The pit depths from the X80 dogbone coupons were 1.9 μm (0%), 4.9 μm (10%), 9.1 μm (50%), and 6.4 μm (100%). The corresponding weight losses (mg/cm2) from the square coupons were 1.9 (0%), 3.3 (10%), 4.4 (50%), and 3.7 (100%). The 50% carbon source level had the combination of carbon starvation without suffering too much sessile cell loss. Thus, both its pit depth and weight loss were the highest. The electrochemical tests corroborated the pit depth and weight loss trends. The tensile tests of the dogbone coupons after the starvation incubation indicated that sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) made X80 more brittle and weaker. Compared with the fresh (no-SRB-exposure) X80 dogbone coupon’s ultimate tensile strain of 13.6% and ultimate tensile stress of 860 MPa, the 50% carbon source level led to the lowest ultimate tensile strain of 10.3% (24% loss when compared with the fresh dogbone) and ultimate tensile stress of 672 MPa (22% loss). The 100% carbon source level had a smaller loss in ultimate tensile strain than the 50% carbon source level, followed by 10% and then 0%. Moreover, the 100% carbon source level had a smaller loss in ultimate tensile strength than the 50%, followed by 10% and 0% in a tie. This outcome shows that even in the 17-day short-term test, significant degradation of the mechanical properties occurred and more severe MIC pitting caused more severe degradation.

Mitigation of microbial degradation of X80 carbon steel mechanical properties using a green biocide

“…Most MIC studies focused on MIC pinhole leaks (Chandra et al, 2019;Dao et al, 2021). More attention should be paid to deterioration of mechanical properties of steels, including reductions of tensile strength and strain (Li et al, 2021a;Li et al, 2022). Such deteriorations can lead to catastrophic structural failures if not mitigated.…”

Mechanical property degradation of X80 pipeline steel due to microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by Desulfovibrio vulgaris

“…In another study, the presence of corrosive Bacillus megaterium bacterium decreased the mechanical properties such as yield stress, ultimate strength and elongation of an Al-Cu alloy ( Yousaf et al, 2015 ). Recently, it was found that moderately starved D. vulgaris biofilm degraded ultimate tensile strength and ultimate tensile strain of X80 carbon steel more than those with the biofilm without carbon source starvation because starvation made SRB sessile cells more eager to harvest electrons from Fe(0) via EET ( Li et al, 2022 ).…”

“…X80 carbon steel is widely used in many industries because of its low cost and ease of fabrication ( López-Celvera et al, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Pereira et al, 2021 ; Tian and Pan, 2021 ). However, X80 steel pipelines may suffer from both MIC and mechanical property degradation caused by MIC ( Alamri, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2022 ; Fu et al, 2022 ; Wasim and Djukic, 2022 ). This study investigated the effects of SRB sessile cell growth on MIC and the subsequent mechanical property degradation of X80 pipeline steel.…”