Carbon Storage in a Fragmented Landscape of Atlantic Forest: The Role Played by Edge-Affected Habitats and Emergent Trees

Paula, Mateus Dantas de; Costa, Cecília Patrícia Alves; Tabarelli, Marcelo

doi:10.1177/194008291100400310

Cited by 96 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Soil organic carbon shows no difference along a gradient of landscape heterogeneity (Williams and Hedlund 2013) and hedgerows only locally increase soil organic carbon (D'Acunto et al 2014). In tropical systems forest fragmentation and edge effects result in a decrease in carbon sequestration (de Paula et al 2011;Laurance et al 2011) but preliminary evidence suggests that in temperate regions carbon sequestration is unaffected in forest edges (Ziter et al 2014).…”

Section: Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of landscape configuration on mapping ecosystem service capacity: a review of evidence and a case study in Scotland

et al. 2016

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Context Humans structure landscapes for the production of food, fibre and fuel, commonly resulting in declines of non-provisioning ecosystem services (ESs). Heterogeneous landscapes are capable of providing multiple ESs, and landscape configuration-spatial arrangement of land cover in the landscape-is expected to affect ES capacity. However, the majority of ES mapping studies have not accounted for landscape configuration. Objectives Our objective is to assess and quantify the relevance of configuration for mapping ES capacity. A review of empirical evidence for configuration effects on the capacity of ten ESs reveals that for four ESs configuration is relevant but typically ignored in ES quantification. For four ESs we quantify the relevance of configuration for mapping ESs using Scotland as a case study. Methods Each ES was quantified through modelling, respectively ignoring or accounting for configuration. The difference in ES capacity between the two ES models was determined at multiple spatial scales. Results Configuration affected the capacity of all four ESs mapped, particularly at the cell and watershed scale. At the scale of Scotland most local effects averaged out. Flood control and sediment retention responded strongest to configuration. ESs were affected by different aspects of configuration, thus requiring specific methods for mapping each ES. Conclusions Accounting for configuration is important for the assessment of certain ESs at the cell and watershed scale. Incorporating configuration in landscape management provides opportunities for spatial optimization of ES capacity, but the diverging response of ESs to configuration suggests that accounting for configuration involves trade-offs between ESs.

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Section: Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of landscape configuration on mapping ecosystem service capacity: a review of evidence and a case study in Scotland

et al. 2016

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“…This has clear implications to contemporary forest diversity even if only a modest fraction of this ecological group can become hyper-abundant in edge-dominated habitats as advocated here. Pioneer-dominated tree assemblages, including those at Serra Grande, have reduced floristic and functional diversity , reduced size structure , low levels of carbon retention (Paula et al 2011), and reduced diversity of floral attributes (Girão et al 2007;Lopes et al 2009) and phylogenetic traits (Santos et al 2010). Moreover, pioneer-dominated assemblages present an altered pattern of fruit phenology and much lower relative abundance of trees bearing large fruits (Tabarelli et al 2010a), which can reduce habitat quality for many frugivorous vertebrates (sensu lato) that play important roles in forest regeneration as seed dispersers and seed predators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat fragmentation and the future structure of tree assemblages in a fragmented Atlantic forest landscape

et al. 2016

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The biodiversity value of human-modified landscapes has become a central question in tropical forest conservation biology, yet the degree to which plant populations and communities are restructured in response to environmental change remains unclear. . Here, we examine the density of 141 tree species in a fragmented Atlantic Forest landscape dominated by a long history of sugar-cane production. We document shifts in population density in small forest fragments to infer on the magnitude of fragmentationrelated effects, and ultimately the structure of future tree assemblages. Both tree seedlings and adults were sampled across 39 0.1-ha plots: 19 in small fragments (<100 ha) and 20 in mature forest stands within the interior of the largest forest remnant of the study landscape (3500 ha). A total of 5,448 seedlings and adults were recorded, with >55% of all tree species exhibiting higher densities in small fragments than in mature forest, particularly pioneers (>60% of all species). Seedlings and adults of these proliferating species differed from species exhibiting population declines in terms of wood density and seed size, respectively. Additionally, pioneers were more abundant than shade-tolerant species, as were hardwood species in the case of seedlings. Tree species showing highest population increases consisted largely of long-lived, lightdemanding canopy species bearing soft or hardwood and small-to-medium sized seeds. Tree assemblage structure also differed in terms of forest habitats with small forest fragments supporting few rare species, whereas the most rapidly proliferating species were much more widespread and abundant in fragments. However 60% of all adult pioneer species recorded in small fragments were not recorded as seedlings in this habitat type, although both seedling and adult assemblages were dominated by pioneer species. Edge-dominated tree assemblages therefore likely experience long term shifts towards greater dominance of long-lived, pioneer canopy species.

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“…First, we are able to apply GLOBIO at a fine resolution with globally available data by improving the designation of different land-use types (e.g., managed pasture vs. grassland, managed vs. primary-growth forest), and we develop a method for estimating fragmentation using a Gaussian filter to smooth individual pixel changes. Second, we adapt the InVEST carbon model to account for empirical evidence that higher mortality rates for large trees exist in forest edges, and thus the amount of carbon that vegetation can store increases with distance from forest edge (48,49). We use the pantropical carbon and associated land cover datasets created by the Woods Hole Research Center (50) to construct a logarithmic regression between distance to forest edge and forest biomass and apply that predictive relationship to all forest pixels in our scenarios.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial patterns of agricultural expansion determine impacts on biodiversity and carbon storage

Chaplin‐Kramer

Sharp

Mandle

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

231

133

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The agricultural expansion and intensification required to meet growing food and agri-based product demand present important challenges to future levels and management of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Influential actors such as corporations, governments, and multilateral organizations have made commitments to meeting future agricultural demand sustainably and preserving critical ecosystems. Current approaches to predicting the impacts of agricultural expansion involve calculation of total land conversion and assessment of the impacts on biodiversity or ecosystem services on a per-area basis, generally assuming a linear relationship between impact and land area. However, the impacts of continuing land development are often not linear and can vary considerably with spatial configuration. We demonstrate what could be gained by spatially explicit analysis of agricultural expansion at a large scale compared with the simple measure of total area converted, with a focus on the impacts on biodiversity and carbon storage. Using simple modeling approaches for two regions of Brazil, we find that for the same amount of land conversion, the declines in biodiversity and carbon storage can vary two-to fourfold depending on the spatial pattern of conversion. Impacts increase most rapidly in the earliest stages of agricultural expansion and are more pronounced in scenarios where conversion occurs in forest interiors compared with expansion into forests from their edges. This study reveals the importance of spatially explicit information in the assessment of land-use change impacts and for future land management and conservation.ecosystem services | deforestation | agricultural expansion | fragmentation | edge effects

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Carbon Storage in a Fragmented Landscape of Atlantic Forest: The Role Played by Edge-Affected Habitats and Emergent Trees

Cited by 96 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of landscape configuration on mapping ecosystem service capacity: a review of evidence and a case study in Scotland

Effects of landscape configuration on mapping ecosystem service capacity: a review of evidence and a case study in Scotland

Habitat fragmentation and the future structure of tree assemblages in a fragmented Atlantic forest landscape

Spatial patterns of agricultural expansion determine impacts on biodiversity and carbon storage

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