Carbon-supported metal nanodendrites as efficient, stable catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

Venarusso, Luna B.; Boone, Chirley V.; Bettini, Jefferson; Maia, Gilberto

doi:10.1039/c7ta08964c

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Visible metallic structures with highly rough surface can be observed on GNR (Figures , S1, and S2) with PSD of 12.8±3.4 nm on average (c.f. Figures and S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti/Pt−Pd‐Based Nanocomposite: Effects of Metal Oxides on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2020

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Over the last few years, there has been an intensive search for stable and highly active electrocatalysts, which are intended to be applied in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) preferably without the use of noble metals or with the application of a very small quantity of these metals in the process. Electrocatalysts that satisfy these conditions can be composed of Ti and other metals, supported or not by carbonaceous materials. The present work reports the application of synthesized threedimensional Ti/PtÀ Pd nanoparticles with highly rough surfaces supported on graphene nanoribbons (Ti/PtÀ Pd/GNR nanocomposite) by a single one-pot reaction, and applied in ORR. Unlike the effect of strong metal-support interaction (SMSI), which favors electrons transfer from the metal support to the catalyst, the mechanism employed in this study favored the transfer of electrons from the catalyst to the metal support; in other words, the mechanism led to the oxidation of Pt and Pd. Pt, which exhibited PtÀ Pd type alloy features, was found to be more externally distributed at the rough surface of the metallic structures. Additionally, Ti, which presented oxide features, was found to be even more externally distributed at the surface of PtÀ Pd on non-electrochemically and electrochemically stabilized Ti/PtÀ Pd/GNR nanocomposite electrodes. Since all these metals have great amounts of different oxides (i. e. are highly oxidized), the oxides are found to be energetically responsible for the improvement in ORR electrocatalytic activity and stability of Ti/PtÀ Pd/GNR/GC electrodes in comparison with the ORR responses for PtC TKK/GC and PtÀ Pd/GNR/GC modified electrodes. To Ti-containing catalysts, the high activity is attributable to enhancing the intrinsic activity and the high selectivity to 4-electron ORR is due to the fact that presence of Ti contributes to oxygen-binding energy of these nanocomposites shifts toward more positive values (weakening oxygen bonding).[a] G.

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“…Visible metallic structures with highly rough surface can be observed on GNR (Figures , S1, and S2) with PSD of 12.8±3.4 nm on average (c.f. Figures and S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti/Pt−Pd‐Based Nanocomposite: Effects of Metal Oxides on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2020

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“…Finally, the GC electrode modified with GNRs at 150 μg cm −2 was tested for stability in O 2 ‐saturated 0.1 M KOH at ν=50 mV s −1 for 10 000 cycles between 0.6 and 1.0 V ,. Figure S13 depicts the hydrodynamic linear potential scan curve readings obtained before and after testing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[55] (B) Tafel plots of the deconvoluted currents shown in Figure 6A. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 Finally, the GC electrode modified with GNRs at 150 mg cm À2 was tested for stability in O 2 -saturated 0.1 M KOH at n = 50 mV s À1 for 10 000 cycles between 0.6 and 1.0 V. [16,17] Figure S13 depicts the hydrodynamic linear potential scan curve readings obtained before and after testing. The disk limiting current and the onset potential remained relatively unchanged.…”

Section: Orr Mechanism On the Surface Of Bare And Modified Glassy Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search for efficient electrocatalysts toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) devoid of Pt, or containing small amounts of this metal, has intensified in recent years, in an effort to improve the sluggish kinetics of a reaction of great relevance in devices such as fuel cells (preferentially resulting in water as the final product) or in the production of H 2 O 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search for efficient electrocatalysts toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) devoid of Pt, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] or containing small amounts of this metal, [15][16][17] has intensified in recent years, in an effort to improve the sluggish kinetics of a reaction of great relevance in devices such as fuel cells [18][19][20] (preferentially resulting in water as the final product) or in the production of H 2 O 2 . [21][22][23] Although differences in structure, composition, and doping [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] are crucial for evaluating the ability of materials to electrocatalyze the ORR, loading values (from 25 [4] to 5300 [7] mg cm À2 ) also play a decisive role in this evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Rotating Ring‐Disk Electrodes to Investigate Graphene Nanoribbon Loadings for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Medium

Cardoso

Fortunato

2018

ChemElectroChem

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The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is typically slow. Its kinetics, however, are influenced not only by the structure, nature, and doping of electrocatalysts, but also by the loadings of these materials, where all of these factors influence ORR selectivity to produce H2O and/or H2O2. The loadings employed for graphene nanoribbon (GNR)‐modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes and GC disk modified with commercial Pt (20 wt.%) on carbon (PtC) at 150 μg cm−2 (also resulting in electrode roughness) produced turbulence in the electrolyte flow, significantly changing the geometry of the rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE) and collection efficiency (N), as well as causing N to change with the rotation rate of the electrode. This effect toward the ORR was investigated with two analytical methods derived by Wu et al. and Zhou et al. A current deconvolution method for a better‐resolved Tafel analysis separating normalHnormalO2- formation and reduction reactions resulted in more insightful understanding of the ORR responses provided by the RRDE for different GNR and PtC loadings.

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Ternary PtPdCu Multicubes as a Highly Active and Durable Catalyst toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2018

ChemElectroChem

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It has been reported that a Pt‐based concave‐convex structure offers good electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we synthesize ternary PtPdCu multicubes with a hierarchical trepanning concave‐convex structure by a facile solvothermal co‐reduction method. By tailoring the elementary composition, the optimal Pt45Pd30Cu25/C catalyst results in a 2.35‐fold increase in ORR mass activity compared to commercial Pt/C and an excellent long‐term stability. Investigation reveals that the performance enhancement mechanism is mainly caused by the Pd and Cu jointly modified electronic structure of Pt, which facilitates the charge transfer rate as well as the increased number of active sites and improved mass transport by the unique porous multicube concave‐convex structure. Both experiment and theoretical calculations reveal that the three‐elements alloy catalyst and the unique structures play a critical role in high catalytic performance, thus offering guidance to design high‐performance electrocatalysts not only toward the ORR for practical applications in low‐temperature fuel cells, but also for other energy conversion systems rendering a universal significance.

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Carbon-supported metal nanodendrites as efficient, stable catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract: One-pot-produced XC-72 carbon-supported metal nanodendrites with Pt or Pt–Pd surfaces proved highly catalytic toward the ORR.

Cited by 33 publications

References 57 publications

Ti/Pt−Pd‐Based Nanocomposite: Effects of Metal Oxides on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Ti/Pt−Pd‐Based Nanocomposite: Effects of Metal Oxides on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Use of Rotating Ring‐Disk Electrodes to Investigate Graphene Nanoribbon Loadings for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Medium

Ternary PtPdCu Multicubes as a Highly Active and Durable Catalyst toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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