Carbon‐Supported W@Pt Nanoparticles with a Pt‐Enriched Surface as a Robust Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Wang, Yajun; Yang, Yang; Zou, Liangliang; Huang, Qinghong; Li, Qiaoxia; Xu, Qing; Yang, Hui

doi:10.1002/slct.201702493

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Moreover, the mass activity of Pt/MoN is better than most of the reported Pt-based ORR electrocatalysts evaluated in the alkaline condition (Table S3). ,− LSV measurements of Pt/MoN electrocatalysts were performed at different rotation rates (Figure C), and corresponding Koutecky–Levich (K–L) plots were shown in the inset. The value of electron-transfer number ( n ) was calculated to be 3.8 for Pt/MoN.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Coordination Environment on Atomically Dispersed Pt Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2019

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Because of the structural complexity and inhomogeneity, the effect of the coordination environment on the catalytic properties is underexplored in heterogeneous catalytic systems. To address this challenge, the atomically dispersed Pt is anchored on two Mo-based supports with similar morphology and particle size, that is, face-centered cubic-structured α-MoC and MoN. Spectroscopic and computational investigations demonstrate that the Pt atoms are coordinated with N atoms in Pt/MoN but with Mo atoms in Pt/α-MoC, leading to an entirely different catalytic performance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The Pt mass activity for Pt/MoN reaches 0.71 A/mg Pt at 0.9 V [vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)], which is 15 times higher Pt mass activity than that of Pt/α-MoC. Density functional theory calculations correlate the better ORR performance of Pt/MoN with the weaker adsorption of OH* because of the modulation of electronic properties of Pt by the coordination with N atoms. This study highlights the importance of controlling the coordination environment of metal atoms in heterogeneous (electro)catalysis and suggests that tuning the coordination environment could be an effective strategy in catalyst development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Coordination Environment on Atomically Dispersed Pt Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2019

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“…143,144 Furthermore, the support not only acts as a support and aids electron transport, but also plays an important role in the activity and stability of the electrocatalyst. For example, Wang et al 145 prepared a carbon support with a surface rich in tungsten nanoparticles (W@Pt/C). TEM showed that W@Pt was uniformly distributed on the surface of the carbon support.…”

Section: The Modification Strategy For W/mo-based Electrocatalysts Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient tungsten/molybdenum-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: a review

Sun,

Liu,

Mao

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem. Front.

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“…An electrode is always composed of an outstanding electrocatalytically stable and active electrocatalyst supported on an electrically conductive current collector. For example, in a low-temperature fuel cell or a metal-air battery, the cathode is normally coated with carbon-supported platinum (Pt) to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) [14][15][16][17][18]. This Pt-based electrocatalyst can accelerate the reduction from oxygen (O 2 ) to water (H 2 O) (4-electron reduction pathway) and/or from oxygen to hydrogen peroxide (2-electron reduction pathway) in aqueous solutions [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Strategies for Stabilizing Single-Atom Catalysts for Energy Storage and Conversion

Guo

Yang

et al. 2022

Electrochem. Energy Rev.

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Well-defined atomically dispersed metal catalysts (or single-atom catalysts) have been widely studied to fundamentally understand their catalytic mechanisms, improve the catalytic efficiency, increase the abundance of active components, enhance the catalyst utilization, and develop cost-effective catalysts to effectively reduce the usage of noble metals. Such single-atom catalysts have relatively higher selectivity and catalytic activity with maximum atom utilization due to their unique characteristics of high metal dispersion and a low-coordination environment. However, freestanding single atoms are thermodynamically unstable, such that during synthesis and catalytic reactions, they inevitably tend to agglomerate to reduce the system energy associated with their large surface areas. Therefore, developing innovative strategies to stabilize single-atom catalysts, including mass-separated soft landing, one-pot pyrolysis, co-precipitation, impregnation, atomic layer deposition, and organometallic complexation, is critically needed. Many types of supporting materials, including polymers, have been commonly used to stabilize single atoms in these fabrication techniques. Herein, we review the stabilization strategies of single-atom catalyst, including different synthesis methods, specific metals and carriers, specific catalytic reactions, and their advantages and disadvantages. In particular, this review focuses on the application of polymers in the synthesis and stabilization of single-atom catalysts, including their functions as carriers for metal single atoms, synthetic templates, encapsulation agents, and protection agents during the fabrication process. The technical challenges that are currently faced by single-atom catalysts are summarized, and perspectives related to future research directions including catalytic mechanisms, enhancement of the catalyst loading content, and large-scale implementation are proposed to realize their practical applications. Graphical Abstract Single-atom catalysts are characterized by high metal dispersibility, weak coordination environments, high catalytic activity and selectivity, and the highest atom utilization. However, due to the free energy of the large surface area, individual atoms are usually unstable and are prone to agglomeration during synthesis and catalytic reactions. Therefore, researchers have developed innovative strategies, such as soft sedimentation, one-pot pyrolysis, coprecipitation, impregnation, step reduction, atomic layer precipitation, and organometallic complexation, to stabilize single-atom catalysts in practical applications. This article summarizes the stabilization strategies for single-atom catalysts from the aspects of their synthesis methods, metal and support types, catalytic reaction types, and its advantages and disadvantages. The focus is on the application of polymers in the preparation and stabilization of single-atom catalysts, including metal single-atom carriers, synthetic templates, encapsulation agents, and the role of polymers as protection agents in the manufacturing process. The main feature of polymers and polymer-derived materials is that they usually contain abundant heteroatoms, such as N, that possess lone-pair electrons. These lone-pair electrons can anchor the single metal atom through strong coordination interactions. The coordination environment of the lone-pair electrons can facilitate the formation of single-atom catalysts because they can enlarge the average distance of a single precursor adsorbed on the polymer matrix. Polymers with nitrogen groups are favorable candidates for dispersing active single atoms by weakening the tendency of metal aggregation and redistributing the charge densities around single atoms to enhance the catalytic performance. This review provides a summary and analysis of the current technical challenges faced by single-atom catalysts and future research directions, such as the catalytic mechanism of single-atom catalysts, sufficiently high loading, and large-scale implementation.

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Carbon‐Supported W@Pt Nanoparticles with a Pt‐Enriched Surface as a Robust Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Impact of the Coordination Environment on Atomically Dispersed Pt Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Impact of the Coordination Environment on Atomically Dispersed Pt Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Highly efficient tungsten/molybdenum-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: a review

Advanced Strategies for Stabilizing Single-Atom Catalysts for Energy Storage and Conversion

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