Carbonate facies patterns of the Lutetian-Priabonian strata from the western Indian plate margin: Reservoir potential and palaeoclimatic implications

Khan, Natasha

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2023.106313

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Numerous studies have been carried out to understand the nature, characteristics and mechanics of carbonates based on which several models for carbonate reservoirs were established (e.g. [1]; [2]; [3]; [4]; [5]). Structurally complex areas have turned out as a challenge for reservoir characterization of carbonates ( [4]; [6]; [7]; [8]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and seismic attribute analysis of the Paleocene carbonate reservoir from the Balkassar Field, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan

Khan,

Rehman

et al. 2024

Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies

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The structural and seismic properties of the Paleocene carbonate reservoir are re-evaluated, using 3D seismic data multi-attributes, to improve reservoir prediction accuracy rarely documented earlier. This study highlights a number of relevant post-stack seismic attributes for understanding the structural setup and seismic properties of a carbonate reservoir. The structural analysis was carried out using seismic interpretation, combined with multi-attribute analysis for prospect actualization and generation of a 3D structural model to determine the structural aspect. The structural interpretation reveals the presence of faults and an asymmetrical anticlinal structure demonstrating a four-way closure, confirming compressional tectonics. The high amplitude anomaly (-6 to 12) combined with the RMS attribute (23 to 32) suggests bright spots in the Paleocene carbonate reservoir and gas saturated zone, the variance attribute (0.05 to 0.03) highlights the presence of two major faults, and the lower instantaneous frequency demonstrates the presence of hydrocarbons. The attribute results indicate that the Lockhart Limestone possesses good reservoir potential as revealed by DHI (bright spot), gas saturated zone and a trapping mechanism supported by four-way structure closure in the region and can help to understand analogous carbonate reservoirs in similar geological settings around the world.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and seismic attribute analysis of the Paleocene carbonate reservoir from the Balkassar Field, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan

Khan,

Rehman

et al. 2024

Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies

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“…According to data from the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), as of the end of 2021 [2], China has identified oil and gas reserves of more than 100 billion barrels in ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs, of which the oil and gas resource-rich areas are mainly concentrated in the Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, and Ordos Basin [3][4][5]. With the continuous advancement of exploration and extraction technology, the exploration and development capabilities of ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs have been significantly improved [6][7][8][9]. The vast reserves of oil and gas in ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs can provide important support for China's future energy supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Mechanism of Stress Sensitivity Changes in Ultra-Deep Carbonate Reservoirs

Cai,

Jiang,

Liu

2024

Applied Sciences

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Quantitative evaluation of stress sensitivity of ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs has been one of the challenges in exploration and development, and the problem of permeability loss law in ultra-deep carbonates under variable stress conditions has not been solved so far and further research is urgently needed. Through experimental and numerical simulation methods, the stress-sensitive evaluation equations were established based on matrix-type carbonate and fractured carbonate reservoirs, the stress-sensitive changes under different Young’s modulus were discussed, and the degree of permeability loss under different stresses was evaluated. Finally, the dual-media model of ultra-deep carbonate was established, and the practical application was carried out in the Shunbei area of the Tarim Basin. Studies have shown that (1) under the same effective stress, the stress sensitivity of matrix-type and fracture-type carbonate reservoirs is related to the Young’s modulus of the rock skeleton. In matrix-type carbonate reservoirs, rocks with a larger Young’s modulus have smaller rigidity and stronger stress sensitivity. In fracture-type carbonate reservoirs, the stress sensitivity is relatively weak under a smaller Young’s modulus, and relatively strong under a larger Young’s modulus. (2) Measured under the conditions of 87 MPa of peripheral pressure, 50 MPa of flow pressure, and 120 °C, the effective stress of matrix-type carbonate reservoirs has an exponential relationship with the permeability of reservoirs. The degree of stress sensitivity for fracture-type is generally higher than that of matrix-type reservoirs, and the smaller the Young’s modulus, the larger the difference in stress sensitivity. (3) The stress sensitivity of typical ultra-deep carbonates in the Shunbei area of the Tarim Basin is higher by establishing a dual-porosity model based on the initiating pressure gradient, which supports new evidence for the characteristics of ultra-deep carbonates with high-stress sensitivity. In actual production, the impact of stress sensitivity on the reservoir volume calculation and efficient development of ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs requires critical attention.

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Integrated Three-Dimensional Structural and Petrophysical Modeling for Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential in Gas Reservoir

Shah,

Du,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Lithosphere

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in oil and gas reservoirs is one of the most effective methods for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery efficiency and mitigating climate change by securely storing CO2. However, building a realistic three-dimensional (3D) geological model for these storage reservoirs poses a significant challenge. To address this, employing a novel methodology combining 3D structural and petrophysical modeling, our study presents a pioneering effort to assess the CO2 storage potential of the faulted reservoir between the G- and E-sands of the Lower Goru Formation in the Kadanwari Gas Field (KGF), Middle Indus Basin (MIB), Pakistan. Analysis of seismic data revealed a complex reservoirs structure affected by normal faults oriented in a northwest–southeast direction. These faults partition the reservoir into several compartments and could serve as potential pathways for CO2 migration. Three-dimensional structural modeling unveiled complex features, for example horsts, grabens, and half-grabens, formed through multiple deformation stages. Petrophysical modeling indicated promising reservoir characteristics, that is high porosity and permeability in the desired zone. Three-dimensional property models were generated using sequential Gaussian simulation to represent the distribution of petrophysical properties, for example porosity, permeability, shale volume, and water saturation. Geological uncertainties were incorporated enabling the calculation of pore volume distribution and corresponding uncertainty. A novel technique was developed to assess the probable CO2 storage potential in the KGF, considering its distinctive features. The study revealed a storage potential ranging from 10.13 million tons (P10) to 101.54 million tons (P90), with an average potential of 53.58 million tons (P50). Our study offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating CO2 storage potential in complex geological zones, filling a knowledge gap in existing literature on carbon neutrality efforts in Pakistan. These findings lay the groundwork for future initiatives in geological CO2 storage in the MIB and support the country’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions.

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Carbonate facies patterns of the Lutetian-Priabonian strata from the western Indian plate margin: Reservoir potential and palaeoclimatic implications

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Structural and seismic attribute analysis of the Paleocene carbonate reservoir from the Balkassar Field, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan

Structural and seismic attribute analysis of the Paleocene carbonate reservoir from the Balkassar Field, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan

Study on the Mechanism of Stress Sensitivity Changes in Ultra-Deep Carbonate Reservoirs

Integrated Three-Dimensional Structural and Petrophysical Modeling for Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential in Gas Reservoir

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