Carbonation of Industrial Residues for CO2 Storage and Utilization as a Treatment to Achieve Multiple Environmental Benefits

Atmospheric Carbon Capture Performance of Legacy Iron and Steel Waste

“…26 Value can therefore be added to iron and steel slags that are either landfilled or employed only for low-end applications owing to their low technical performance (tendency to expand) in construction applications. 27…”

CO2 Mineralization and Utilization Using Various Calcium-Containing Wastewater and Refining Slag via a High-Gravity Carbonation Process

“…26 The basic assumptions of surface coverage model applied on carbonation reaction included (i) the generated carbonate gradually covered the surface of solid; (ii) the reaction occurred only at the unreacted surface of solid matrix; (iii) the active surface sites (Φ) was not covered by the reacted product and changed by reaction rate; and (iv) the highest conversion (δ max ) of reaction on surface of solid particle would be the steady state. (10) where k s is the rate constant (mol•min −1 m −2 ), Φ (−) is the fraction of active surface sites that is not covered by the reacted product, S g (m 2 g −1 ) is the initial specific surface area of the solid particle, M (g mol −1 ) is the molecular weight of the reactant solid particle, δ CaO is the carbonation conversion of the solid particle, and t is the reaction time. The active surface sites of the solid particle should be changed along with the reaction rate, the value of Φ is the function of time as shown in eq 11…”

“…In order to expand the utilization of RF slag and to alleviate its environmental impact, RF slag could be regarded as the feedstock of CCUM due to its similar physical–chemical properties with other steelmaking slag. Accelerated carbonation was an effective approach for industrial alkaline waste stabilization by permanently transferring CO 2 into mineral carbonates. , Although the chemical and physical characteristics of those wastes could be improved to facilitate their further application, the natural mineral carbonation for CO 2 fixation was a low efficiency process. In our previous studies, to enhance the performance of CO 2 capture by mineralization, a high-gravity rotating packed bed (RPB) reactor combined carbonation reaction, so-called high gravity carbonation (HiGCarb), was developed and deployed to demonstrate a high mass transfer efficiency and cobenefits for air pollution abatement .…”

Lab‐scale atmospheric CO2 absorption for calcium carbonate precipitation in sand

“…Accelerated mineral carbonation has been studied as an effective option for carbon sequestration in cement-based materials, [16][17][18][19] in situ mineralization of geological formation [20][21][22] and ex situ mineralization above ground in reactor or industrial processes using various feedstock such as industrial waste, residuals, and byproducts. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The atmospheric capture of CO 2 deals with extremely low CO 2 concentrations at approximately 412 ppm, 29 which is roughly 350 times lower than post-combustion flue gas (4-14 vol.%). Direct air capture is chosen for this process because ground improvement work in geotechnical applications is not localized, ensuring the carbon source from atmospheric air for more flexibility in operation.…”

“…Mineral carbonization is performed with calcium as the reactive compound to form thermodynamically stable carbonates in sand to improve their strength. Accelerated mineral carbonation has been studied as an effective option for carbon sequestration in cement‐based materials, in situ mineralization of geological formation and ex situ mineralization above ground in reactor or industrial processes using various feedstock such as industrial waste, residuals, and byproducts …”