Carbothermal Production of Magnesium: CSIRO's MagSonic™ 8482; Process

Prentice, Leon H.; Nagle, Michael W.; Barton, T.; Tassios, Steven; Kuan, Benny; Witt, Peter J.; Constanti-Carey, Ken K.

doi:10.1002/9781118359228.ch6

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Industrial CTR plants have operated by diluting and quenching product gases, 1 but low yields currently prevent this technology from being profitable. High yields (>90%) have been demonstrated by supersonic quenching 2 and by vacuum condensation, 3 but neither method has yet been commercialized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Rate of Magnesium Oxide Carbothermal Reduction by Catalysis, Milling, and Vacuum Operation

Chubukov

Palumbo

Rowe

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Catalysis, milling, vacuum operation, and their interactions were studied as methods for increasing the rate of carbothermal reduction (CTR) of hard-burned and soft-burned MgO powders. For CTR at 1550 °C and 10 kPa, pellets made with soft-burned MgO reached 90% conversion in 30 min without milling and achieved the same conversion in 5 min with 120 min of milling. Crystallite attrition of soft-burned MgO was not observed, and the increased reactivity was attributed to mixing and aggregate attrition. Catalytic additives improved the reactivity in the CTR of hard-burned MgO but decreased the rate of CTR for soft-burned MgO. Additives were shown to catalyze the gas–solid reaction pathway, and thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the rate of carbon oxidation by CO2 was approximately 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of MgO reduction by CO; thus, the latter reaction was rate-limiting to the gas–solid reaction pathway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Rate of Magnesium Oxide Carbothermal Reduction by Catalysis, Milling, and Vacuum Operation

Chubukov

Palumbo

Rowe

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar to previous setups [13][14][15] CTR has been recognized as conceptually the simplest and cleanest route to Mg metal production, but has suffered from technical challenges of development and scale up, primarily related to the back-reaction, Mg(g) + CO → MgO + C, upon cool-down [8,16,17]. Two recent approaches have successfully minimized back reaction: Mg(g) quenching using a supersonic Laval nozzle and Mg(g) condensation at elevated temperatures and reduced pressures [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel experimental method to study metal vapor condensation/oxidation: Mg in CO and CO2 at reduced pressures

et al. 2016

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A novel method is presented to study magnesium metal vapor condensation/oxidation in CO and CO 2 atmosphere at reduced pressures. Mg(s) was evaporated and mixed with an equimolar amount of CO or CO 2 at 1000°C after which the gaseous mixture flowed through an air cooled tubular condenser. Measurements of the axial temperature profile, calculation of partial pressures and analysis of deposits within the condenser allowed for identification of deposition/condensation onset temperatures, supersaturation ratio and reaction mechanism. In the presence of CO 2 , rapid oxidation of Mg(g) has been observed. In the presence of CO, no Mg(g) oxidation was found above 950°C. Mg(g) oxidation observed at lower temperatures is believed to be initiated by CO disproportionation. The proposed mechanism is able to explain the increase in Mg metal yield with decreasing CO partial pressure. At a CO partial pressure <3 mbar, high Mg metal mass yields of >90w% were found. The presented method is applicable to the study of a variety of metal vapor/oxidizer combinations e.g. of interest in metal and solar fuel production.

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Design and Fabrication of Pellets for Magnesium Production by Carbothermal Reduction

Chubukov

Palumbo

Rowe

et al. 2018

Metall Mater Trans B

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Carbothermal Production of Magnesium: CSIRO's MagSonic™ 8482; Process

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Enhancing the Rate of Magnesium Oxide Carbothermal Reduction by Catalysis, Milling, and Vacuum Operation

Enhancing the Rate of Magnesium Oxide Carbothermal Reduction by Catalysis, Milling, and Vacuum Operation

A novel experimental method to study metal vapor condensation/oxidation: Mg in CO and CO2 at reduced pressures

Design and Fabrication of Pellets for Magnesium Production by Carbothermal Reduction

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