2019
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-019-02303-5
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Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils in papermaking: influence on filler retention and paper properties

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Cited by 35 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…The molecular weight of the cellulose-based PELs was not determined. Notwithstanding, considering a typical polymerization degree of the initial kraft pulps used in the present work near 3000 (corresponding to a molecular weight of around 486 kDa) (Lourenço et al, 2019), and even considering that some depolymerization of cellulose has occurred during the PEL production, namely in the step of periodate oxidation, it is reasonable to expect a final PEL still with a medium molecular weight, for which bridging mechanisms are possible (Bolto and Gregory, 2007).…”
Section: Jar-test Flocculation Studymentioning
confidence: 87%
“…The molecular weight of the cellulose-based PELs was not determined. Notwithstanding, considering a typical polymerization degree of the initial kraft pulps used in the present work near 3000 (corresponding to a molecular weight of around 486 kDa) (Lourenço et al, 2019), and even considering that some depolymerization of cellulose has occurred during the PEL production, namely in the step of periodate oxidation, it is reasonable to expect a final PEL still with a medium molecular weight, for which bridging mechanisms are possible (Bolto and Gregory, 2007).…”
Section: Jar-test Flocculation Studymentioning
confidence: 87%
“…This would explain the high drainage rate reached, which is similar to that without CNF [51]. Lourenço et al 2019 [80] studied the effect of the carboxymethylation pretreatment on the efficiency of CNF on filler retention and tensile strength improvement by comparing with that for TEMPO-mediated oxidation CNF. Carboxymethylation increased the flocculation efficiency of CNF with respect to TEMPO mediated oxidation.…”
Section: Modification Of Nanocellulosementioning
confidence: 85%
“…In general, the paper properties are reported to be significantly improved when CNF are combined with polyelectrolytes (Korhonen and Laine 2014, Hii et al 2012, Ottesen et al 2016, Hietaniemi et al 2015, Diab et al 2015. Previous studies performed by our group revealed that nanocelluloses can partially or totally substitute retention additives in papermaking, if the nano/micromaterials possess specific characteristics and if a proper selection of the furnish and mixing conditions is taken into account (Lourenço et al 2019a(Lourenço et al , 2019b.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…The CNF/CMF produced were fully characterized for their fibrillation yield (gravimetry of centrifuged suspensions), content of carboxyl groups (CCOOH, conductometric titration), intrinsic viscosity (viscosimetry in cupriethylenodiamine) and charge (zeta potential, electrophoretic mobility) as detailed elsewhere (Lourenço et al 2017). The degree of polymerization (DP) was calculated from the intrinsic viscosity values by applying the Mark-Houwink equation with the parameters defined by Henriksson et al (2008) (Lourenço et al 2019a). Briefly, PCC (aqueous suspension at 1 wt%) was mixed with CNF/CMF suspensions (0.2 wt%) in the equipment vessel and, after 20 min of mechanical stirring (2000 rpm), sonication (14 µm of tip displacement) was applied for extra 15 min to break the flocs.…”
Section: D) Carboxymethylationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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