Carboxymethylchitin Nanocarrier (CMCNC): A Novel Therapeutic Formulation for Drug Release

Jain, Tanvi; Kumar, Sushil; Dutta, Pradip Kumar

doi:10.1080/03602559.2018.1466162

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Chitosan-based encapsulants have various applications in the delivery of drugs for the treatment of cancer, gastrointestinal diseases, and pulmonary diseases. Deacetylation of chitosan generates water-soluble CMC, which has carboxyl groups [ 18 ]. The CMC nanoparticles generally have a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties, facilitating drug release by adhering to the mucous membrane [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanin Encapsulated Nanoparticles as a Pulmonary Delivery System

Amararathna

Rupasinghe

2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Anthocyanins are known for their therapeutic efficacy for many human diseases, including cancer. After ingestion, anthocyanins degrade due to oxidation and enzymatic breakdown, resulting in reduced therapeutic efficacy. Direct delivery to target tissues and entrapment of anthocyanins increases their stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy. The objective of the present study was to develop a direct delivery system of anthocyanins into pulmonary tissues via encapsulated nanocarriers. A cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G)-rich anthocyanin extract was prepared from well-ripened haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) berries (HB) and encapsulated in three different polymeric nanocarrier systems: polyethylene glycol-poly(lactide-co-glycolide), maltodextrin, and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC). The anthocyanin encapsulation efficiency was significantly higher in CMC (10%) than in the other two polymers. The cytotoxicity and cytoprotective effect of HB anthocyanin-encapsulated CMC (HB-CMC, 4 μg of C3G equivalent anthocyanin in 2 mg/mL nanoparticle) and anthocyanin-free CMC (E-CMC, 2 mg/mL) were tested for cytotoxicity using human normal lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The CMC nanoparticles were not cytotoxic for BEAS-2B cells. The HB-CMC nanoparticles reduced carcinogen-induced oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells and restored the expression of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes. The HB-CMC nanoparticles also reduced carcinogen-induced DNA single-strand breaks and alkaline-labile sites but not the double-strand breaks. The E-CMC, HB-CMC (28 μg C3G equivalent/mouse/day for six days), or the same dose of free HB anthocyanin was administered to A/JCr mice through a nose-only passive inhalation device. C3G and its metabolites, cyanidin, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin-3-O-glucuronide, were detected by UPLC/ESI/Q-TOF-MS in the lungs of mice after one hour of exposure. Therefore, the CMC could be a promising noncytotoxic candidate to encapsulate HB anthocyanin. Direct delivery of anthocyanin to lung tissues enhances tissue retention, slows phase 2 metabolism, and improves therapeutic efficacy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanin Encapsulated Nanoparticles as a Pulmonary Delivery System

Amararathna

Rupasinghe

2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…These confer to chitin a number of specific physico-chemical properties such as accessibility of the internal sites in the macromolecular chains, the swelling properties in water, or diffusional properties, whereas biological properties consist of nontoxic, biodegradable, biocompatible, bioadhesion, and bioactivity [22]. Thus, chitin is widely applied in various medical treatments [23,24]. In CPE, nonwoven mats type separators based on regenerated chitin fibers showed excellent electrolyte-uptaking capability and Li-dendrite-mitigating performances in lithium batteries [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Modification and Processing of Chitin for Sustainable Production of Biobased Electrolytes

et al. 2020

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In the present work we report on the development of a novel and sustainable electrolyte based on chitin. Chitin biopolymer was carboxymethylated in simple, mild, and green conditions in order to fine-tune the final properties of the electrolyte. To this end, chitin was modified for various reaction times, while the molar ratio of the reagents, e.g., sodium hydroxide and monochloroacetic acid, was maintained fixed. The resulting chitin derivatives were characterized using various techniques. Under optimized conditions, modified chitin derivatives exhibiting a distinct degree of carboxymethylation and acetylation were obtained. Structural features, morphology, and properties are discussed in relation to the chemical structure of the chitin derivatives. For electrolyte applications, the ionic conductivity increased by three magnitudes from 10−9 S·cm−1 for unmodified chitin to 10−6 S·cm−1 for modified chitin with the highest degree of acetylation. Interestingly, the chitin derivatives formed free-standing films with and without the addition of up to 60% of ionic liquid, the ionic conductivity of the obtained solid electrolyte system reaching the value of 10−3 S·cm−1.

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