Carcinogenesis and Aging

Biology of Aging and Cancer

“…It is well documented that the incidence of malignant tumors increases progressively with age, in both animals and humans. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Three major hypotheses have been proposed to explain the association of cancer and age. The first hypothesis holds that this association is a consequence of the duration of carcinogenesis.…”

Balneotherapy and healthy ageing

“…Theories which put the ageing process due to internal and external environmental factors [10] are Wear and Tear Ageing Theory according to which cells and tissues become aged over time [2,14]; vital level activity theory -which states that a high level basal metabolism leads to a shortening of the life of the organism [2,14]; cross-linking theory presented by Bjorksten (1942) according to which the cumulative chemical interchange of important macromolecules, including collagen, causes ageing [2,14]; somatic DNA damage theory [47] which considers that ageing results from genetic integrity degradation of somatic cell as a result of mutations registered both in the nucleus and in the mitochondria [2,13,14,44]; and free radicals theory which stipulates that the superoxide and other free radicals destroy the molecular components of cells and thus alter their normal function [11].…”

Healthy Aging

“…Ageing is a degenerative process [11], extensively studied for which many theories have been formulated [10] which has as a target scheduled or non-scheduled nature [2,3,10,13,44].…”