Carcinogenicity of azo colorants: influence of solubility and bioavailability

Golka, Klaus; Kopps, Silke; Myślak, Z

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.11.016

Cited by 417 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…17 They can be metabolized by azoreductase enzymes at the gastrointestinal cells, producing free aromatic amines that are potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic. 13,[18][19][20] Several studies have indicated that azo dyes can cause DNA damage. 4,[21][22][23][24] DNA plays a key role in cell proliferation, synthesis of proteins, and transcription of genetic information in living cells.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectrophotometric evaluation of the behavior of disperse red 1 dye in aqueous media and its interaction with calf thymus ds-DNA

Uliana¹,

Garbellini²,

Yamanaka³

2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A espectrofotometria UV-Vis foi utilizada para medir a solubilidade do corante disperso red 1 (DR1) em soluções aquosas, com diferentes solventes e dispersantes. O corante foi quantificado em amostras de águas, e sua interação com o ds-DNA de timo de vitelo foi investigada. Os resultados mostraram que o dispersante comercial Fongranal ® FB foi adequado para a preparação das soluções aquosas do DR1. Para a determinação de DR1 em água pura, o limite de detecção foi de 2,47 × 10 -6 mol L . Porcentagens de recuperação de 91,2 e 103% foram obtidas para as concentrações de DR1 em 3,00 × 10 -6 e 40,0 × 10 -6 mol L -1 , respectivamente. As recuperações alcançadas de DR1 em água de torneira e de rio ficaram na faixa de 85,9-113%. A interação de DR1 com o DNA de timo de vitela foi acompanhada por efeitos de hipocromismo e hipercromismo, que foram relacionados à mudanças conformacionais e lesão na dupla hélice do DNA.UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to measure the solubility of disperse red 1 (DR1) dye in aqueous solutions, using different solvents and dispersants. The dye was quantified in water samples, and its interaction with calf thymus ds-DNA was investigated. The results showed that the commercial dispersant Fongranal ® FB was suitable for the preparation of aqueous DR1 solutions. For the determination of DR1 in purified water, the limit of detection was 2.47 × 10 -6 mol L -1, and the limit of quantification was 8.22 × 10 -6 mol L -1. Percentage recoveries of 91.2 and 103% were obtained for DR1 concentrations of 3.00 × 10 -6 and 40.0 × 10 -6 mol L -1, respectively. The recoveries achieved for DR1 present in tap and river water were in the range 85.9-113%. The interaction of DR1 with calf thymus DNA was accompanied by hypochromic and hyperchromic effects, which were related to conformational changes and damage to the DNA double helix.Keywords: disperse red 1, textile dye, solubility, ds-DNA IntroductionSynthetic dyes can be defined as intensely colored substances that, when applied to a material, give it color that exhibits some degree of permanence.1 These dyes are extensively used in the textile, food processing, and leather tanning industries, as well as in paper production and agricultural products.1 The textile dyes show considerable structural diversity, and can be classified according to either the chromophore (including azo, anthraquinone, indigoid and triphenylmethyl groups) or the method of attachment to the textile fiber (direct, basic, acidic, reactive, disperse, etc.). 1,2 An estimated 700,000 to 850,000 tons of dyes are produced worldwide each year, and 26,500 tons per year are consumed in Brazil. 3,4 An amount equivalent to approximately 20-50% of the quantity of textile dyes used is released into natural waters due to losses that occur during the process of fixing the dye to the fibers.5 Dyes are potentially harmful to the environment and human health. [6][7][8][9] According to Resolution N. 357 of the National Environment Council of Brazil (CONAMA), 10 dyes derived from anthropogenic sources should...

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Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,[18][19][20] Several studies have indicated that azo dyes can cause DNA damage. 4,[21][22][23][24] DNA plays a key role in cell proliferation, synthesis of proteins, and transcription of genetic information in living cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric evaluation of the behavior of disperse red 1 dye in aqueous media and its interaction with calf thymus ds-DNA

Uliana¹,

Garbellini²,

Yamanaka³

2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…It might alter the biosynthesis process due to the reduction of sunlight penetration (Amaral et al, 2004). Besides, there is a concern about the interaction of these effluents in the water treatment stations, since it may provoke diverse problems of economical and public health order, given that some kinds of textile dyes can lead to allergies (Seidenari et al, 2006), dermatitis (Hatch and Maibach, 1995) and tumors (Golka et al, 2004). Congo red, for example, is a type of textile dye that has carcinogenic properties (Chatterjee et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of sugar-cane bagasse as bioadsorbent in the textile wastewater treatment contaminated with carcinogenic congo red dye

Raymundo

Zanarotto

Belisário

et al. 2010

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…1) are a class of lipophilic synthetic organic colorants that are widely used in industry because of their colorfastness and low price. These azodyes are known to be biologically active through their metabolites [1], and they represent a potential risk to public health if they enter the food chain. In fact, they have been associated with increased occurrence of bladder cancer in textile and leather dyers, painters, and hairdressers [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of banned Sudan dyes in food samples by molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction‐high performance liquid chromatography

Baggiani¹,

Anfossi

Baravalle

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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Original PaperDetermination of banned Sudan dyes in food samples by molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography A method for molecularly imprinted SPE of banned Sudan azo-dyes from food samples was investigated. The molecularly imprinted polymer was obtained by suspension polymerization using 1-(4-chlorophenyl)azonaphthalen-2-ol as the mimic template. The molecular recognition properties of imprinted beads were evaluated for use as a SPE sorbent, in order to develop a selective extraction protocol for the Sudan class of dyes. The optimized extraction protocol resulted in a reliable molecularly imprinted SPE (MISPE) method suitable for HPLC analysis. It was selective for the main analyte, Sudan I, and the related azo-dyes Sudan II, III, IV, Sudan Red B, and Sudan Red 7B, while the permitted azo-dyes Allura Red AC, Neococcin, and Sunset Yellow FCF were not extracted. The method was tested for Sudan I, II, III, and IV in five different food samples (hot chilli pepper, hot chilli tomato sauce, sausage, tomato sauce, and hard boiled egg yolk) at three concentration levels (15, 100, and 300 lg/g). It demonstrated itself to be insensitive to the presence of different complex matrices, precise, accurate, and with good recovery rates (85 -101%). The LOD and LOQ were satisfactory for most analytical determinations.

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Carcinogenicity of azo colorants: influence of solubility and bioavailability

Cited by 417 publications

References 37 publications

Spectrophotometric evaluation of the behavior of disperse red 1 dye in aqueous media and its interaction with calf thymus ds-DNA

Spectrophotometric evaluation of the behavior of disperse red 1 dye in aqueous media and its interaction with calf thymus ds-DNA

Evaluation of sugar-cane bagasse as bioadsorbent in the textile wastewater treatment contaminated with carcinogenic congo red dye

Determination of banned Sudan dyes in food samples by molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction‐high performance liquid chromatography

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