Carcinogenicity of Black Rock Harbor Sediment to the Eastern Oyster and Trophic Transfer of Black Rock Harbor Carcinogens from the Blue Mussel to the Winter Flounder

Gardner, George R.; Yevich, Paul P.; Harshbarger, John C.; Malcolm, Andrés

doi:10.2307/3430845

Cited by 63 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, although other genotoxic agents such as 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide or benzo [a]pyrene induce DNA cleavage with high-molecular-weight fragments in M. galloprovincialis gill, it does not correlate with apoptotic processes [66]. Genotoxins function also as an animal carcinogen: they might cause neoplastic disorders resembling those observed in bivalves [67,68]. Apoptosis would prevent neoplasia and maintain homeostasis against environmental pollutants.…”

Section: Influence Of Environmental Pollutants On Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Immunological Roles of Apoptosis in Molluscs

Terahara¹,

Takahashi

2008

CPD

104

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Molluscan defense mechanisms are regulated to innate immunity, which is largely dependent on cellular components such as hemocytes possessing phagocytic and bactericidal activities. Among immune responses, apoptosis is an indispensable process because it enables the adequate clearance of damaged, senescent and infected cells without inflammation. Available information related to the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis has been accumulated for many molluscan species during the last decade. Almost all molluscan species live in an environment that changes incessantly according to microorganisms, industrial pollutants, temperature, and salinity. Such environmental factors might directly or indirectly induce apoptosis in molluscan cells. One type of apoptotic agent, reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs), which are produced by a stress signal or phagocytosis, triggers apoptotic cell death in molluscan hemocytes. Dysfunction of ROI-mediated hemocytic apoptosis putatively causes disease morbidity and/or mortality when molluscan organisms are infected by pathogens. Furthermore, integrins have attracted attention for their unique functions because integrins regulate the phagocytic ability of molluscan hemocytes and induce hemocytic apoptosis. That process might be the result of ROI-generation. In this review, we summarize the roles and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis related to immunological functions of molluscan hemocytes.

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Section: Influence Of Environmental Pollutants On Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Immunological Roles of Apoptosis in Molluscs

Terahara¹,

Takahashi

2008

CPD

104

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“…For example, seminomas, dysgerminomas and siphon abnormalities were described in softshell clams (Mya arenaria) from estuaries contaminated by various pollutants (Gardner et al 1991).…”

Section: Alterations Of Reproduction and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of biomarkers in environmental assessment (5). Invertebrate populations and communities

1994

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Although a number of biomarkers of pollutant exposure have been identified in invertebrate species, direct linkage with changes at population and/or community levels are poorly documented and, despite the ecological importance of invertebrates, there is no conclusive evidence that individual measurements of biochemical parameters may allow the effects of pollutants on populations and communities to be predicted. Among the various biochemical parameters used as biomarkers in invertebrates exposed to pollutants in the field, only those for which changes at population or community level can be suggested are discussed in the present review. At population and community levels, the development of resistance to pesticides and changes in behaviour, reproduction and development are analysed as putative consequences of biochemical and physiological alterations. Limits to the use of biochemical parameters as biomarkers of invertebrate exposure to pollutants are discussed. Future research trends and experimental approaches to the validation of invertebrate biomarkers in environmental pollution assessment are suggested.

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“…These sediments were highly polluted with PAHs, PCBs, and many other toxic contaminants (Rogerson, 1988) that contributed to adverse biological effects in laboratory tests using estuarine species (e.g., Gardner, Yevich, Harshbarger, & Malcolm, 1991). Killifish collected from an accessible shoreline site nearby to BRH were shown to be DLC‐tolerant and phenotypically similar to other tolerant killifish populations (Nacci et al., 2010; Whitehead et al., 2010, 2012).…”

Section: Introduction To the Killifish Story: Rapid Adaptation To Extmentioning

confidence: 99%

When evolution is the solution to pollution: Key principles, and lessons from rapid repeated adaptation of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) populations

Whitehead

Clark

Reid

et al. 2017

Evolutionary Applications

128

102

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For most species, evolutionary adaptation is not expected to be sufficiently rapid to buffer the effects of human‐mediated environmental changes, including environmental pollution. Here we review how key features of populations, the characteristics of environmental pollution, and the genetic architecture underlying adaptive traits, may interact to shape the likelihood of evolutionary rescue from pollution. Large populations of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) persist in some of the most contaminated estuaries of the United States, and killifish studies have provided some of the first insights into the types of genomic changes that enable rapid evolutionary rescue from complexly degraded environments. We describe how selection by industrial pollutants and other stressors has acted on multiple populations of killifish and posit that extreme nucleotide diversity uniquely positions this species for successful evolutionary adaptation. Mechanistic studies have identified some of the genetic underpinnings of adaptation to a well‐studied class of toxic pollutants; however, multiple genetic regions under selection in wild populations seem to reflect more complex responses to diverse native stressors and/or compensatory responses to primary adaptation. The discovery of these pollution‐adapted killifish populations suggests that the evolutionary influence of anthropogenic stressors as selective agents occurs widely. Yet adaptation to chemical pollution in terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate wildlife may rarely be a successful “solution to pollution” because potentially adaptive phenotypes may be complex and incur fitness costs, and therefore be unlikely to evolve quickly enough, especially in species with small population sizes.

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Carcinogenicity of Black Rock Harbor Sediment to the Eastern Oyster and Trophic Transfer of Black Rock Harbor Carcinogens from the Blue Mussel to the Winter Flounder

Cited by 63 publications

References 20 publications

Mechanisms and Immunological Roles of Apoptosis in Molluscs

Mechanisms and Immunological Roles of Apoptosis in Molluscs

The role of biomarkers in environmental assessment (5). Invertebrate populations and communities

When evolution is the solution to pollution: Key principles, and lessons from rapid repeated adaptation of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) populations

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