Carcinoid tumours of the rectum and anus

Burke, Michael; Shepherd, Neil A.; Mann, Charles V.

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800740509

Cited by 63 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Major criteria are the depth of tumor invasion to the muscularis propria and beyond [2,11,16,17,20,21,24,32,33,[35][36][37][38]40,45,49], angioinvasion and lymphatic invasion [35,36,39,43,49], cellular atypia with hyperchromatic nuclei and high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio [9,36,49], areas of focal necrosis [9,39,43,49], and a high mitotic index (number of mitoses per 10 high power fields) [9,36,39,43,49]. It is a well-recognized clinical experience that among patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors, some have an indolent clinical course with survival of several years, whereas others experience an aggressively malignant course with short survival.…”

Section: Histopathological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic indicators for carcinoid neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract

Rorstad

2005

Journal of Surgical Oncology

199

116

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Factors that determine the clinical course and outcome of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoid tumors are complex and multifaceted. These include the site of origin within the GI tract, the size of the primary tumor, and the anatomical extent of disease, whether localized, regional, or metastatic to distant sites. The new World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification of endocrine tumors, including carcinoids, represents a significant advance in terms of providing a consistent framework for histopathological interpretation that should facilitate multicenter research on treatment outcomes. Histochemical indicators of a poorer prognosis are the degree of expression of the proliferation protein Ki-67 and the p53 tumor suppressor protein. Adverse clinical indicators are the malignant carcinoid syndrome, carcinoid heart disease, and high concentrations of the tumor markers, urinary 5-HIAA and plasma chromogranin A.

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Section: Histopathological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic indicators for carcinoid neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract

Rorstad

2005

Journal of Surgical Oncology

199

116

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“…The value of these procedures has been challenged recently because several retrospective studies did not demonstrate an improved survival rate beyond that observed with local excision. The correct surgical approach to large rectal carcinoids must be individualized and must consider several factors, including the patient's age and comorbid illnesses [18].…”

Section: Hindgut Carcinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinoid tumors

Boushey

Dackiw

2002

Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol.

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Carcinoids are rare endocrine tumors that can develop in several organs in the body. Clinically, patients can have a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms that range from incidental findings of a polyp during endoscopy to the carcinoid syndrome characterized by severe flushing, diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and life-threatening right-sided heart failure. Most carcinoid tumors are indolent but can metastasize to regional lymph nodes and to other organs, including the liver, bone, and the central nervous system. Treatment is determined by tumor location and by the presence of distant metastasis. Surgical resection of the tumor is advocated in patients with localized disease and can often be curative. Long-acting somatostatin analogs, including octreotide, octreotide long-acting repeatable, and lanreotide prolonged release, are effective in providing symptom relief in patients with the carcinoid syndrome. Patients with metastatic disease to the liver that is refractory to somatostatin treatment should be considered for hepatic artery occlusion. Overall, 5- and 10-year survival rates in patients with metastatic disease are favorable, although tumors can be resistant to most forms of medical or surgical therapy.

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“…Carcinoid tumors of the rectum are usually small at diagnosis with approximately 50% manifesting symptoms including transanal bleeding, constipation, rectal pain, and pruritis ani [5]. Rectal carcinoids are hormonally inactive even in the presence of hepatic metastases [6]. They exhibit a lower rate of metastasis and are associated with a more favorable prognosis than adenocarcinoma of the rectum [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial rectal carcinoid: report of two first-degree relatives with rectal carcinoid and review of the literature

Katdare

Fichera

Heimann³

2006

Tech Coloproctol

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Two brothers with familial carcinoid tumors of the rectum are presented. A few cases documenting the occurrence of carcinoid tumors in first-degree relatives in the absence of the multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes have been reported in the literature. Consistent with these previous reports, in this case both patients had gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors that are located in identical anatomic locations. The current literature on carcinoid tumors outside the setting of any known genetic syndrome is reviewed. Clinical relevance and screening recommendations are discussed.

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Carcinoid tumours of the rectum and anus

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

Prognostic indicators for carcinoid neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract

Prognostic indicators for carcinoid neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract

Carcinoid tumors

Familial rectal carcinoid: report of two first-degree relatives with rectal carcinoid and review of the literature

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