Carcinosarcoma of the ovary: MR and clinical findings compared with high-grade serous carcinoma

Mori, Kensaku; Tanaka, Yumiko; Sakai, Masafumi; Amano, Taishi; Kikuchi, Shunsuke; Masuoka, Souta; Yoshida, Masahito; Masumoto, T.; Minami, Manabu

doi:10.1007/s11604-020-01072-7

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the literature, carcinosarcoma are described as an endometrial mass with low to isointense SI to the myometrium on T1WI, and heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2WI, suggestive of intratumoral necrosis or hemorrhage [ 30 ]. The findings in the reviewed studies [ 43 , 46 , 47 ] agree with this description. Endometrial stromal sarcoma is also a focus of a few reviewed studies [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…A few studies also focused on more rare subtypes of gynecological sarcoma. Saida et al [ 43 ] compared the features of carcinosarcoma of the ovary with high grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). CS was statistically significantly larger, and the stained-glass appearance of cystic components, hemorrhage, and necrosis were also significantly more common in CS of the ovary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sonographic and Magnetic Resonance Characteristics of Gynecological Sarcoma

et al. 2023

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Introduction: Gynecological sarcomas are rare malignant tumors with an incidence of 1.5–3/100,000 and are 3–9% of all malignant uterine tumors. The preoperative differentiation between sarcoma and myoma becomes increasingly important with the development of minimally invasive treatments for myomas, as this means undertreatment for sarcoma. There are currently no reliable laboratory tests or imaging-characteristics to detect sarcomas. The objective of this article is to gain an overview of sarcoma US/MRI characteristics and assess their accuracy for preoperative diagnosis. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed and 12 studies on ultrasound and 21 studies on MRI were included. Results: For the ultrasound, these key features were gathered: solid tumor > 8 cm, unsharp borders, heterogeneous echogenicity, no acoustic shadowing, rich vascularization, and cystic changes within. For the MRI, these key features were gathered: irregular borders; heterogeneous; high signal on T2WI intensity; and hemorrhagic and necrotic changes, with central non-enhancement, hyperintensity on DWI, and low values for ADC. Conclusions: These features are supported by the current literature. In retrospective analyses, the ultrasound did not show a sufficient accuracy for diagnosing sarcoma preoperatively and could also not differentiate between the different subtypes. The MRI showed mixed results: various studies achieved high sensitivities in their analysis, when combining multiple characteristics. Overall, these findings need further verification in prospective studies with larger study populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic and Magnetic Resonance Characteristics of Gynecological Sarcoma

et al. 2023

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“…Due to the di culty of preoperative diagnosis of OSC, it is nally determined by postoperative pathological examination, as a result the condition has often progressed to advanced stages when be identi ed. There is no direct relevant literature for evaluation of prognosis, which can refer to the latest literature report of ovarian carcinosarcoma, which 5-year survival rate is 29.8%, and the median survival period is 16 to 24 months [31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Struma ovarii and sarcomatoid carcinoma：A case report and review of the literature

qin,

CHEN,

JIN

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This is a rare case of struma ovarii combined with sarcomatoid carcinoma. Whether it's struma ovarii or ovarian sarcomatoid carcinoma, the incidence of both is extremely low and rarely reported, so there are no clear guidelines for either disease and to our knowledge this may be the first case of combined occurrence of both. Therefore, this report describes its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment, analyzes the pathogenesis, and summarizes the previous literature in the hope that it can be helpful to other tumor-related medical personnel and provide material support for the formation of guidelines in this disease.

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“…When cystic necrosis is combined in the mass, it displays with a low signal on T1WI and a high signal on T2WI. When bleeding is present, the T1WI and T2WI has high signal intensity and the solid part of the tumor is obviously enhanced ( 13 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of a rare ovarian carcinosarcoma: A case report and literature review

Fu¹

2022

Exp Ther Med

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Ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS) is a rare and lethal gynecological cancer. The present study reports on the case of a 61-year-old post-menopausal female with abdominal distension who was detected to have a large OCS. The patient underwent cytoreductive surgery, including sub-extensive hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, sigmoid colon and partial rectal resection, and lymph node dissection. Postoperative pathology of the bilateral adnexal masses revealed carcinosarcoma. The main components of the carcinoma included serous carcinoma and a small amount of squamous cell carcinoma. The sarcoma components mainly contained fibrosarcoma, as well as a small amount of chondrosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Infiltrating cells in cancer tissues or metastasis were observed in the serosal surface, muscular and subserosal layers of the uterus, as well as the sigmoid colon and part of the rectum. The patient was diagnosed postoperatively with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC ovarian carcinosarcoma and T3cN1M0 based on the TNM system. The patient then received six cycles of combination chemotherapy using carboplatin, paclitaxel plus bevacizumab. As severe myelosuppression occurred during and after chemotherapy, and bevacizumab was expensive, bevacizumab therapy was not maintained after chemotherapy. However, following chemotherapy, the patient received niraparib oral maintenance therapy. At 6 months after the sixth chemotherapy, cancer antigen 125 levels dropped to 4.55 U/ml (within normal range). Short-term follow-up of 6 months after the end of chemotherapy indicated that the patient had a remission prognosis based on the ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging examinations and serum tumor marker levels. The present study indicated that combined chemotherapy and targeted therapy after cytoreductive surgery may be a promising way for the treatment of OCS.

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Carcinosarcoma of the ovary: MR and clinical findings compared with high-grade serous carcinoma

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Sonographic and Magnetic Resonance Characteristics of Gynecological Sarcoma

Sonographic and Magnetic Resonance Characteristics of Gynecological Sarcoma

Struma ovarii and sarcomatoid carcinoma：A case report and review of the literature

Management of a rare ovarian carcinosarcoma: A case report and literature review

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