Cardiac acceleration elicited by voluntary muscle contractions of minimal duration

Borst, Cornelius; Hollander, A. P.; Bouman, L. N.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.32.1.70

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Also, heart rate did not increase as abruptly at the onset of exercise as has been previously reported (Krogh & Lindhard, 1913;Borst, Hollander & Bouman, 1972;Secher & Johansen, 1976). This finding may be explained by the fact that the subjects were required to reach a certain percentage (10 or 30 %) of the m.v.c., rather than to make a sudden maximal effort.…”

Section: B Leonard and Others B Effect Of Tubocurarinesupporting

confidence: 83%

Partial neuromuscular blockade and cardiovascular responses to static exercise in man.

Leonard¹,

Mitchell²,

Mizuno³

et al. 1985

The Journal of Physiology

113

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SUMMARY1. In human subjects sustained static contractions of the quadriceps femoris in one leg were performed with the same absolute and the same relative intensity before and after partial neuromuscular blockade with either decamethonium or tubocurarine which reduced strength to about 50 % of the control value. During the contractions performed with the same absolute force, the magnitude of the cardiovascular responses (heart rate and blood pressure) was greater during neuromuscular blockade than during control contractions. During the contractions involving the same relative force the magnitude of the cardiovascular responses was almost the same with and without neuromuscular blockade. These findings were independent of the drug used.2. The metabolic part of the exercise pressor reflex was assessed by the application of an arterial cuff I min before cessation of exercise and for the following 3 min of rest. Although heart rate and blood pressure decreased after cessation of exercise, application of the tourniquet resulted in higher post-exercise values and this effect was seen both with and without neuromuscular blockade.3. Muscle biopsies from the subjects' m. vastus lateralis were analysed for fastand slow-twitch fibre composition showing 27-66 % slow-twitch fibres. No correlation was found between cardiovascular responses to static exercise, with or without neuromuscular blockade, and fibre type predominance. 4. The results suggest that the involvement of fast-or slow-twitch muscle fibres does not play a dominant role in the cardiovascular responses to static exercise in man. Both central command and reflex neural mechanisms are of importance, and it appears that these two control mechanisms are redundant and that neural occlusion may be operative. However, when partial neuromuscular blockade induces a disproportion between an increase in central command and a constant or decreasing muscle tension and metabolism, the larger signal arising from central command determines the magnitude of the cardiovascular responses.

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Section: B Leonard and Others B Effect Of Tubocurarinesupporting

confidence: 83%

Partial neuromuscular blockade and cardiovascular responses to static exercise in man.

Leonard¹,

Mitchell²,

Mizuno³

et al. 1985

The Journal of Physiology

113

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“…6, lower panel). The smaller heart rate response to submaximal voluntary contractions has previously been reported by Lind & McNicol (1969), Freyschuss (1970), Borst, Hollander & Bouman (1972), Paulev (1973) and Leonard, Mitchell, Mizuno, Rube, Saltin & Secher (1984); however, in the study of Borst et al (1972) the difference between responses to submaximal and to maximal contractions was not significant. The finding in the present study of a decrease in heart rate at onset of the weakest graded voluntary contractions has not been reported previously.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Heart rate at the onset of static exercise in man with partial neuromuscular blockade.

Secher¹

1985

The Journal of Physiology

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In human subjects the length of the first complete cardiac cycle after the onset of static finger or hand muscle contractions was recorded. Graded contractions as well as maximal contractions in which muscle fatigue was provoked by ischaemia were studied. Maximal finger muscle contractions were also weakened by partial neuromuscular blockade with either decamethonium or tubocurarine. The change in R‐R interval at the onset of exercise was variable and in part dependent on the length of the last R‐R interval before the onset of exercise. The largest decreases were seen when the preceding R‐R interval was long. During graded submaximal and maximal contractions a correlation was demonstrated between the change of the R‐R interval at the onset of exercise and the contraction intensity. At the onset of the weakest contractions a 3% prolongation of the R‐R interval was seen while the strongest contractions were associated with a shortening of 8%. At the onset of all maximal contractions, whether fatigued due to ischaemia or weakened by decamethonium or tubocurarine, a decrease in R‐R interval was seen independent of the force developed. When compared at the same resting R‐R interval, contractions performed with hand muscles elicited a greater shortening of R‐R interval than contractions with finger muscles. The results suggest that the initial change in heart rate at the onset of static muscle contractions is related to the voluntary effort rather than to the force developed, the state of the working muscles or to the type of muscle fibres involved. It may thus be elicited by 'cortical irradiation' rather than by a 'muscle‐heart reflex'. Its size depends on the length of the preceding R‐R interval, the intended contraction intensity and the muscle mass involved.

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“…The immediate HR increase on standing (∆H im ) is the result of abrupt inhibition of cardiovascular vagal tone and can be attributed to two operations; one is the central command (Freyschuss, 1970;Maciel et al, 1987;Martin et al, 1974) associated with the centrostaltic reflex, and the other is the exercise reflex (Freyschuss, 1970;Borst et al, 1972;Hollander and Bouman, 1975), which operates as soon as voluntary muscle contractions are performed .…”

Section: Initial Hr Response On Standing In Healthy Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…∆H im represents the tonus of the cardiovascular parasympathetic nerve at rest and the efferent cardiovascular vagal inhibition (Borst et al, 1972;Hollander and Bouman, 1975). The primary HR increase (∆H im ) is temporarily available to maintain cardiovascular output.…”

Section: Initial Hr Response On Standing In Healthy Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular autonomic nervous response to postural change in 610 healthy Japanese subjects in relation to age

Yamanaka¹,

Honma²

2006

Autonomic Neuroscience

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To determine the effect of aging on the cardiovascular response to postural change, we examined the cardiovascular sympathetic and parasympathetic response to active standing in 610 healthy Japanese subject (6-83 years) measuring the initial heart rate (HR) response for 3min in the supine and standing position, we also measured the coefficient of variation of R-R interval (CV R-R ). As a result, the cardiovascular response to active standing demonstrated a different change with aging between sympathetic and parasympathetic. Sympathetic function was in a sthenia state in young subjects, and that this function declined with age increasing. Whereas, parasympathetic function was immature enough to inhibit the sympathetic tone in young subjects and matured at 20 years of age, and had an ability to inhibit sympathetic tone. CV R-R show a linear change that decline with age increasing. These results indicated that the cardiovascular parasympathetic response to active standing shows a characteristic change with aging that differ from cardiovascular parasympathetic at rest represented by CV R-R . The present study is the first report to demonstrate the cardiovascular response to standing in relation to aging in large population. These results suggested that the cardiovascular response to postural change is dependent on subject's age.

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Cardiac acceleration elicited by voluntary muscle contractions of minimal duration

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Partial neuromuscular blockade and cardiovascular responses to static exercise in man.

Partial neuromuscular blockade and cardiovascular responses to static exercise in man.

Heart rate at the onset of static exercise in man with partial neuromuscular blockade.

Cardiovascular autonomic nervous response to postural change in 610 healthy Japanese subjects in relation to age

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